14 CFR § 194.103 - Definitions.
---
identifier: "/us/cfr/t14/s194.103"
source: "ecfr"
legal_status: "authoritative_unofficial"
title: "14 CFR § 194.103 - Definitions."
title_number: 14
title_name: "Aeronautics and Space"
section_number: "194.103"
section_name: "Definitions."
chapter_name: "FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION"
subchapter_number: "L"
subchapter_name: "OTHER SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATIONS"
part_number: "194"
part_name: "SPECIAL FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATION NO. 120—POWERED-LIFT: PILOT CERTIFICATION AND TRAINING; OPERATIONS REQUIREMENTS"
positive_law: false
currency: "2026-04-05"
last_updated: "2026-04-05"
format_version: "1.1.0"
generator: "[email protected]"
authority: "42 U.S.C. 7572; 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 40113, 44701-44705, 44707, 44712, 44713, 44715, 44716, and 44722; Sec. 955 of Pub. L. 118-63."
regulatory_source: "Docket FAA-2023-1275, Amdt. 194-1, 89 FR 92489, Nov. 21, 2024, unless otherwise noted."
cfr_part: "194"
---
# 194.103 Definitions.
For the purpose of this part:
*Aviation Safety Inspector* means a pilot employed by the FAA to conduct operations of a powered-lift for the purpose of establishing a type rating in that particular powered-lift under part 21 of this chapter, as appropriate.
*Extended over-water operation* means a powered-lift operation over water at a horizontal distance of more than 50 nautical miles from the nearest shoreline and more than 50 nautical miles from an off-shore heliport structure under part 91 or 135 of this chapter.
*FAA test pilot* means a pilot employed by the FAA to conduct operations of a powered-lift for the purpose of FAA examination or inspection of a type design for which an application for type certification has been submitted under part 21 of this chapter.
*Heliport* means an area of land, water, or structure used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of helicopters and powered-lift.
*Instructor pilot* means a pilot employed or used by a manufacturer of a powered-lift to conduct operations of the powered-lift for the purpose of developing a proposed training curriculum and providing crew training.
*Manufacturer* means any person who holds, or is an applicant for, a type or production certificate for an aircraft. An amateur builder under § 21.191(g) of this chapter, builder of a kit aircraft under § 21.191(h) of this chapter, or the holder of a restricted category type certificate are not considered manufacturers for the purpose of this part.
*Test pilot* means a pilot employed or used by a manufacturer of a powered-lift to conduct operations of the powered-lift for the purpose of research and development and showing compliance with this chapter.
*Vertical-lift flight mode* means a mode of flight where a powered-lift:
(1) Is in a configuration that allows vertical takeoff, vertical landing, and low-speed flight; and
(2) Depends principally on engine-driven lift devices or engine thrust for lift.
*Wing-borne flight mode* means a mode of flight where a powered-lift is not operating in the vertical-lift flight mode as defined and depends exclusively or partially on nonrotating airfoil(s) for lift during takeoff, landing, or horizontal flight.