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Title 14, Part 29 — Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Rotorcraft

308 sections

Special retroactive requirements.

Proof of compliance.

Center of gravity limits.

Empty weight and corresponding center of gravity.

Removable ballast.

Main rotor speed and pitch limits.

Performance at minimum operating speed.

Takeoff data: general.

Takeoff: Category A.

Takeoff decision point (TDP): Category A.

Takeoff path: Category A.

Elevated heliport takeoff path: Category A.

Takeoff distance: Category A.

Rejected takeoff: Category A.

Takeoff: Category B.

Climb: General.

Climb: All engines operating.

Climb: One engine inoperative (OEI).

Helicopter angle of glide: Category B.

Landing: General.

Landing Decision Point (LDP): Category A.

Landing: Category A.

Landing distance: Category A.

Landing: Category B.

Balked landing: Category A.

Height-velocity envelope.

Controllability and maneuverability.

Flight controls.

Stability: general.

Static longitudinal stability.

Demonstration of static longitudinal stability.

Static directional stability.

Dynamic stability: Category A rotorcraft.

Taxiing condition.

Spray characteristics.

Ground resonance.

Factor of safety.

Strength and deformation.

Proof of structure.

Design limitations.

Limit maneuvering load factor.

Resultant limit maneuvering loads.

Yawing conditions.

Control system.

Limit pilot forces and torques.

Dual control system.

Ground clearance: tail rotor guard.

Unsymmetrical loads.

Ground loading conditions and assumptions.

Tires and shock absorbers.

Landing gear arrangement.

Level landing conditions.

Tail-down landing conditions.

One-wheel landing conditions.

Lateral drift landing conditions.

Braked roll conditions.

Ground loading conditions: landing gear with tail wheels.

Ground loading conditions: landing gear with skids.

Ski landing conditions.

Ground load: unsymmetrical loads on multiple-wheel units.

Hull type rotorcraft: Water-based and amphibian.

Float landing conditions.

Main and tail rotor structure.

Fuselage and rotor pylon structures.

Auxiliary lifting surfaces.

Emergency landing dynamic conditions.

Structural ditching provisions.

Fatigue Tolerance Evaluation of Metallic Structure.

Damage Tolerance and Fatigue Evaluation of Composite Rotorcraft Structures.

Critical parts.

Fabrication methods.

Protection of structure.

Lightning and static electricity protection.

Inspection provisions.

Material strength properties and design values.

Special factors.

Casting factors.

Bearing factors.

Fitting factors.

Flutter and divergence.

Pressure venting and drainage of rotor blades.

Rotor blade clearance.

Ground resonance prevention means.

Stability augmentation, automatic, and power-operated systems.

Primary flight controls.

Interconnected controls.

Control system locks.

Limit load static tests.

Operation tests.

Control system details.

Spring devices.

Autorotation control mechanism.

Power boost and power-operated control system.

Shock absorption tests.

Limit drop test.

Reserve energy absorption drop test.

Retracting mechanism.

Main float buoyancy.

Main float design.

Hull and auxiliary float strength.

Pilot compartment.

Pilot compartment view.

Windshields and windows.

Cockpit controls.

Motion and effect of cockpit controls.

Seats, berths, litters, safety belts, and harnesses.

Cargo and baggage compartments.

Emergency evacuation.

Flight crew emergency exits.

Passenger emergency exits.

Emergency exit arrangement.

Emergency exit marking.

Emergency lighting.

Emergency exit access.

Main aisle width.

Fire extinguishers.

Compartment interiors.

Cargo and baggage compartments.

Combustion heater fire protection.

Fire protection of structure, controls, and other parts.

Flammable fluid fire protection.

External loads.

Leveling marks.

Ballast provisions.

Engine vibration.

Rotor drive system and control mechanism tests.

Additional tests.

Shafting critical speed.

Shafting joints.

Turbine engine operating characteristics.

Fuel system crash resistance.

Fuel system independence.

Fuel system lightning protection.

Flow between interconnected tanks.

Unusable fuel supply.

Fuel system hot weather operation.

Fuel tanks: general.

Fuel tank tests.

Fuel tank installation.

Fuel tank expansion space.

Fuel tank sump.

Fuel tank filler connection.

Fuel tank vents and carburetor vapor vents.

Fuel tank outlet.

Pressure refueling and fueling provisions below fuel level.

Fuel system lines and fittings.

Fuel strainer or filter.

Fuel system drains.

Section 29.1001

Fuel jettisoning.

Section 29.1011

Engines: general.

Section 29.1013

Section 29.1015

Oil tank tests.

Section 29.1017

Oil lines and fittings.

Section 29.1019

Oil strainer or filter.

Section 29.1021

Oil system drains.

Section 29.1023

Section 29.1025

Section 29.1027

Transmission and gearboxes: general.

Section 29.1041

Section 29.1043

Section 29.1045

Climb cooling test procedures.

Section 29.1047

Takeoff cooling test procedures.

Section 29.1049

Hovering cooling test procedures.

Section 29.1091

Section 29.1093

Induction system icing protection.

Section 29.1101

Carburetor air preheater design.

Section 29.1103

Induction systems ducts and air duct systems.

Section 29.1105

Induction system screens.

Section 29.1107

Inter-coolers and after-coolers.

Section 29.1109

Carburetor air cooling.

Section 29.1121

Section 29.1123

Exhaust piping.

Section 29.1125

Exhaust heat exchangers.

Section 29.1141

Powerplant controls: general.

Section 29.1142

Auxiliary power unit controls.

Section 29.1143

Engine controls.

Section 29.1145

Ignition switches.

Section 29.1147

Mixture controls.

Section 29.1151

Rotor brake controls.

Section 29.1157

Carburetor air temperature controls.

Section 29.1159

Supercharger controls.

Section 29.1163

Powerplant accessories.

Section 29.1165

Engine ignition systems.

Section 29.1181

Designated fire zones: regions included.

Section 29.1183

Lines, fittings, and components.

Section 29.1185

Flammable fluids.

Section 29.1187

Drainage and ventilation of fire zones.

Section 29.1189

Section 29.1191

Section 29.1193

Cowling and engine compartment covering.

Section 29.1194

Other surfaces.

Section 29.1195

Fire extinguishing systems.

Section 29.1197

Fire extinguishing agents.

Section 29.1199

Extinguishing agent containers.

Section 29.1201

Fire extinguishing system materials.

Section 29.1203

Fire detector systems.

Section 29.1301

Function and installation.

Section 29.1303

Flight and navigation instruments.

Section 29.1305

Powerplant instruments.

Section 29.1307

Miscellaneous equipment.

Section 29.1309

Equipment, systems, and installations.

Section 29.1316

Electrical and electronic system lightning protection.

Section 29.1317

High-intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) Protection.

Section 29.1321

Arrangement and visibility.

Section 29.1322

Warning, caution, and advisory lights.

Section 29.1323

Airspeed indicating system.

Section 29.1325

Static pressure and pressure altimeter systems.

Section 29.1327

Magnetic direction indicator.

Section 29.1329

Automatic pilot and flight guidance system.

Section 29.1331

Instruments using a power supply.

Section 29.1333

Instrument systems.

Section 29.1337

Powerplant instruments.

Section 29.1351

Section 29.1353

Energy storage systems.

Section 29.1355

Distribution system.

Section 29.1357

Circuit protective devices.

Section 29.1359

Electrical system fire and smoke protection.

Section 29.1363

Electrical system tests.

Section 29.1381

Instrument lights.

Section 29.1383

Landing lights.

Section 29.1385

Position light system installation.

Section 29.1387

Position light system dihedral angles.

Section 29.1389

Position light distribution and intensities.

Section 29.1391

Minimum intensities in the horizontal plane of forward and rear position lights.

Section 29.1393

Minimum intensities in any vertical plane of forward and rear position lights.

Section 29.1395

Maximum intensities in overlapping beams of forward and rear position lights.

Section 29.1397

Color specifications.

Section 29.1399

Section 29.1401

Anticollision light system.

Section 29.1411

Section 29.1413

Safety belts: passenger warning device.

Section 29.1415

Ditching equipment.

Section 29.1419

Ice protection.

Section 29.1431

Electronic equipment.

Section 29.1433

Vacuum systems.

Section 29.1435

Hydraulic systems.

Section 29.1439

Protective breathing equipment.

Section 29.1457

Cockpit voice recorders.

Section 29.1459

Flight data recorders.

Section 29.1461

Equipment containing high energy rotors.

Section 29.1501

Section 29.1503

Airspeed limitations: general.

Section 29.1505

Never-exceed speed.

Section 29.1509

Section 29.1517

Limiting height-velocity envelope.

Section 29.1519

Weight and center of gravity.

Section 29.1521

Powerplant limitations.

Section 29.1522

Auxiliary power unit limitations.

Section 29.1523

Minimum flight crew.

Section 29.1525

Kinds of operations.

Section 29.1527

Maximum operating altitude.

Section 29.1529

Instructions for Continued Airworthiness.

Section 29.1541

Section 29.1543

Instrument markings: general.

Section 29.1545

Airspeed indicator.

Section 29.1547

Magnetic direction indicator.

Section 29.1549

Powerplant instruments.

Section 29.1551

Oil quantity indicator.

Section 29.1553

Fuel quantity indicator.

Section 29.1555

Control markings.

Section 29.1557

Miscellaneous markings and placards.

Section 29.1559

Limitations placard.

Section 29.1561

Safety equipment.

Section 29.1565

Section 29.1581

Section 29.1583

Operating limitations.

Section 29.1585

Operating procedures.

Section 29.1587

Performance information.

Section 29.1589

Loading information.