40 CFR § 27.30 - The hearing and burden of proof.

---
identifier: "/us/cfr/t40/s27.30"
source: "ecfr"
legal_status: "authoritative_unofficial"
title: "40 CFR § 27.30 - The hearing and burden of proof."
title_number: 40
title_name: "Protection of Environment"
section_number: "27.30"
section_name: "The hearing and burden of proof."
chapter_name: "ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY"
subchapter_number: "A"
subchapter_name: "GENERAL"
part_number: "27"
part_name: "PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES"
positive_law: false
currency: "2026-03-24"
last_updated: "2026-03-24"
format_version: "1.1.0"
generator: "[email protected]"
authority: "31 U.S.C. 3801-3812; Pub. L. 101-410, 104 Stat. 890, 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; Pub. L. 104-134, 110 Stat. 1321, 31 U.S.C. 3701 note."
regulatory_source: "53 FR 15182, Apr. 27, 1988, unless otherwise noted."
cfr_part: "27"
---


# 27.30 The hearing and burden of proof.

(a) The presiding officer shall conduct a hearing on the record in order to determine whether the defendant is liable for a civil penalty or assessment under § 27.3 and, if so, the appropriate amount of any such civil penalty or assessment considering any aggravating or mitigating factors.

(b) The Authority shall prove defendant's liability and any aggravating factors by a preponderance of the evidence.

(c) The defendant shall prove any affirmative defenses and any mitigating factors by a preponderance of the evidence.

(d) The hearing shall be open to the public unless otherwise ordered by the presiding officer for good cause shown.