Title 40, Part 86 — Control of Emissions From New and In-use Highway Vehicles and Engines

Section 86.1

Incorporation by reference.

Section 86.000-2

Definitions.

Section 86.000-3

Abbreviations.

Section 86.000-7

Maintenance of records; submittal of information; right of entry.

Section 86.000-24

Test vehicles and engines.

Section 86.001-2

Definitions.

Section 86.001-21

Application for certification.

Section 86.001-23

Required data.

Section 86.001-24

Test vehicles and engines.

Section 86.004-2

Definitions.

Section 86.004-11

Emission standards for 2004 and later model year diesel heavy-duty engines and vehicles.

Section 86.004-15

NO plus NMHC and particulate averaging, trading, and banking for heavy-duty engines.

Section 86.004-16

Prohibition of defeat devices.

Section 86.004-21

Application for certification.

Section 86.004-25

Maintenance.

Section 86.004-26

Mileage and service accumulation; emission measurements.

Section 86.004-28

Compliance with emission standards.

Section 86.004-38

Maintenance instructions.

Section 86.004-40

Heavy-duty engine rebuilding practices.

Section 86.005-1

General applicability.

Section 86.005-10

Emission standards for 2005 and later model year Otto-cycle heavy-duty engines and vehicles.

Section 86.007-11

Emission standards and supplemental requirements for 2007 and later model year diesel heavy-duty engines and vehicles.

Section 86.007-15

NO and particulate averaging, trading, and banking for heavy-duty engines.

Section 86.007-17

Onboard diagnostics for engines used in applications less than or equal to 14,000 pounds GVWR.

Section 86.007-21

Application for certification.

Section 86.007-23

Required data.

Section 86.007-30

Certification.

Section 86.008-10

Emission standards for 2008 and later model year Otto-cycle heavy-duty engines and vehicles.

Section 86.010-2

Definitions.

Section 86.010-18

On-board Diagnostics for engines used in applications greater than 14,000 pounds GVWR.

Section 86.010-38

Maintenance instructions.

Section 86.012-2

Definitions.

Section 86.016-1

General applicability.

Section 86.078-3

Abbreviations.

Section 86.078-6

Hearings on certification.

Section 86.079-31

Separate certification.

Section 86.079-32

Addition of a vehicle or engine after certification.

Section 86.079-33

Changes to a vehicle or engine covered by certification.

Section 86.079-39

Submission of maintenance instructions.

Section 86.080-12

Alternative certification procedures.

Section 86.082-2

Definitions.

Section 86.082-34

Alternative procedure for notification of additions and changes.

Section 86.084-2

Definitions.

Section 86.084-4

Section numbering; construction.

Section 86.085-2

Definitions.

Section 86.085-20

Incomplete vehicles, classification.

Section 86.085-37

Production vehicles and engines.

Section 86.088-2

Definitions.

Section 86.090-2

Definitions.

Section 86.090-3

Abbreviations.

Section 86.090-5

General standards; increase in emissions; unsafe conditions.

Section 86.090-27

Special test procedures.

Section 86.091-2

Definitions.

Section 86.091-7

Maintenance of records; submittal of information; right of entry.

Section 86.091-29

Testing by the Administrator.

Section 86.092-2

Definitions.

Section 86.093-2

Definitions.

Section 86.094-2

Definitions.

Section 86.094-3

Abbreviations.

Section 86.094-7

Maintenance of records; submittal of information; right of entry.

Section 86.094-14

Small-volume manufacturer certification procedures.

Section 86.094-21

Application for certification.

Section 86.094-22

Approval of application for certification; test fleet selections; determinations of parameters subject to adjustment for certification and Selective Enforcement Audit, adequacy of limits, and physically adjustable ranges.

Section 86.094-25

Maintenance.

Section 86.095-35

Labeling.

Section 86.096-2

Definitions.

Section 86.096-3

Abbreviations.

Section 86.096-24

Test vehicles and engines.

Section 86.098-2

Definitions.

Section 86.098-3

Abbreviations.

Section 86.098-10

Emission standards for 1998 and later model year Otto-cycle heavy-duty engines and vehicles.

Section 86.098-23

Required data.

Section 86.099-10

Emission standards for 1999 and later model year Otto-cycle heavy-duty engines and vehicles.

Section 86.099-11

Emission standards for 1999 and later model year diesel heavy-duty engines and vehicles.

Section 86.101

General applicability.

Section 86.102

Definitions.

Section 86.103

Abbreviations.

Section 86.104

Section numbering; construction.

Section 86.105

Introduction; structure of subpart.

Section 86.106-96

Equipment required; overview.

Section 86.107-96

Sampling and analytical systems; evaporative emissions.

Section 86.107-98

Sampling and analytical system.

Section 86.108-00

Dynamometer.

Section 86.109-94

Exhaust gas sampling system; Otto-cycle vehicles not requiring particulate emission measurements.

Section 86.110-94

Exhaust gas sampling system; diesel-cycle vehicles, and Otto-cycle vehicles requiring particulate emissions measurements.

Section 86.111-94

Exhaust gas analytical system.

Section 86.112-91

Weighing chamber (or room) and microgram balance specifications.

Section 86.113-04

Fuel specifications.

Section 86.113-15

Fuel specifications.

Section 86.113-27

Fuel specifications.

Section 86.113-94

Fuel specifications.

Section 86.114-94

Analytical gases.

Section 86.115-78

EPA dynamometer driving schedules.

Section 86.116-94

Calibrations, frequency and overview.

Section 86.117-96

Evaporative emission enclosure calibrations.

Section 86.118-00

Dynamometer calibrations.

Section 86.119-90

CVS calibration.

Section 86.120-94

Gas meter or flow instrumentation calibration; particulate, methanol and formaldehyde measurement.

Section 86.121-90

Hydrocarbon analyzer calibration.

Section 86.122-78

Carbon monoxide analyzer calibration.

Section 86.123-78

Oxides of nitrogen analyzer calibration.

Section 86.124-78

Carbon dioxide analyzer calibration.

Section 86.125-94

Methane analyzer calibration.

Section 86.126-90

Calibration of other equipment.

Section 86.127-00

Test procedures; overview.

Section 86.127-12

Test procedures; overview.

Section 86.128-79

Transmissions.

Section 86.129-00

Road load power, test weight, and inertia weight class determination.

Section 86.129-80

Road load power, test weight, and inertia weight class determination.

Section 86.129-94

Road load power, test weight, inertia weight class determination, and fuel temperature profile.

Section 86.130-96

Test sequence; general requirements.

Section 86.131-96

Vehicle preparation.

Section 86.132-00

Vehicle preconditioning.

Section 86.132-96

Vehicle preconditioning.

Section 86.133-96

Diurnal emission test.

Section 86.134-96

Running loss test.

Section 86.135-12

Dynamometer procedure.

Section 86.135-90

Dynamometer procedure.

Section 86.136-90

Engine starting and restarting.

Section 86.137-94

Dynamometer test run, gaseous and particulate emissions.

Section 86.138-96

Hot soak test.

Section 86.139-90

Particulate filter handling and weighing.

Section 86.140-94

Exhaust sample analysis.

Section 86.142-90

Records required.

Section 86.143-96

Calculations; evaporative emissions.

Section 86.144-94

Calculations; exhaust emissions.

Section 86.145-82

Calculations; particulate emissions.

Section 86.146-96

Fuel dispensing spitback procedure.

Section 86.150-98

Refueling test procedure; overview.

Section 86.151-98

General requirements; refueling test.

Section 86.152-98

Vehicle preparation; refueling test.

Section 86.153-98

Vehicle and canister preconditioning; refueling test.

Section 86.154-98

Measurement procedure; refueling test.

Section 86.155-98

Records required; refueling test.

Section 86.156-98

Calculations; refueling test.

Section 86.157-98

Refueling test procedures for liquefied petroleum gas-fueled vehicles.

Section 86.158-00

Supplemental Federal Test Procedures; overview.

Section 86.158-08

Supplemental Federal Test Procedures; overview.

Section 86.159-00

Exhaust emission test procedures for US06 emissions.

Section 86.159-08

Exhaust emission test procedures for US06 emissions.

Section 86.160-00

Exhaust emission test procedure for SC03 emissions.

Section 86.161-00

Air conditioning environmental test facility ambient requirements.

Section 86.162-03

Approval of alternative air conditioning test simulations.

Section 86.163-00

Spot check correlation procedures for vehicles tested using a simulation of the environmental test cell for air conditioning emission testing.

Section 86.164-00

Supplemental Federal Test Procedure calculations.

Section 86.164-08

Supplemental Federal Test Procedure calculations.

Section 86.166-12

[Reserved]

Section 86.201

General applicability.

Section 86.213

Fuel specifications.

Section 86.401-2006

General applicability.

Section 86.402-78

Definitions.

Section 86.402-98

Definitions.

Section 86.403-78

Abbreviations.

Section 86.404-78

Section numbering.

Section 86.405-78

Measurement system.

Section 86.406-78

Introduction, structure of subpart, further information.

Section 86.407-78

Certificate of conformity required.

Section 86.408-78

General standards; increase in emissions; unsafe conditions.

Section 86.409-78

Defeat devices, prohibition.

Section 86.410-90

Emission standards for 1990 and later model year motorcycles.

Section 86.410-2006

Emission standards for 2006 and later model year motorcycles.

Section 86.411-78

Maintenance instructions, vehicle purchaser.

Section 86.412-78

Maintenance instructions, submission to Administrator.

Section 86.413-2006

Labeling.

Section 86.414-78

Submission of vehicle identification number.

Section 86.415-78

Production vehicles.

Section 86.416-80

Application for certification.

Section 86.417-78

Approval of application for certification.

Section 86.418-78

Test fleet selection.

Section 86.419-2006

Engine displacement, motorcycle classes.

Section 86.420-78

Engine families.

Section 86.421-78

Test fleet.

Section 86.422-78

Administrator's fleet.

Section 86.423-78

Test vehicles.

Section 86.425-78

Test procedures.

Section 86.426-78

Service accumulation.

Section 86.427-78

Emission tests.

Section 86.428-80

Maintenance, scheduled; test vehicles.

Section 86.429-78

Maintenance, unscheduled; test vehicles.

Section 86.430-78

Vehicle failure.

Section 86.431-78

Data submission.

Section 86.432-78

Deterioration factor.

Section 86.434-78

Testing by the Administrator.

Section 86.435-78

Extrapolated emission values.

Section 86.436-78

Additional service accumulation.

Section 86.437-78

Certification.

Section 86.438-78

Amendments to the application.

Section 86.439-78

Alternative procedure for notification of additions and changes.

Section 86.440-78

Maintenance of records.

Section 86.441-78

Right of entry.

Section 86.442-78

Denial, revocation, or suspension of certification.

Section 86.443-78

Request for hearing.

Section 86.444-78

Hearings on certification.

Section 86.445-2006

What temporary provisions address hardship due to unusual circumstances?

Section 86.446-2006

What are the provisions for extending compliance deadlines for small-volume manufacturers under hardship?

Section 86.447-2006

What provisions apply to motorcycle engines below 50 cc that are certified under the Small SI program or the Recreational-vehicle program?

Section 86.448-2006

What provisions apply to vehicles certified under the Recreational-vehicle program?

Section 86.449

Averaging provisions.

Section 86.450

Treatment of confidential information.

Section 86.501-78

Applicability.

Section 86.502-78

Definitions.

Section 86.503-78

Abbreviations.

Section 86.504-78

Section numbering.

Section 86.505-2004

Introduction; structure of subpart.

Section 86.508-78

Dynamometer.

Section 86.509-90

Exhaust gas sampling system.

Section 86.511-90

Exhaust gas analytical system.

Section 86.513

Fuel and engine lubricant specifications.

Section 86.514-78

Analytical gases.

Section 86.515-78

EPA urban dynamometer driving schedule.

Section 86.516-90

Calibrations, frequency and overview.

Section 86.518-78

Dynamometer calibration.

Section 86.519-90

Constant volume sampler calibration.

Section 86.521-90

Hydrocarbon analyzer calibration.

Section 86.522-78

Carbon monoxide analyzer calibration.

Section 86.523-78

Oxides of nitrogen analyzer calibration.

Section 86.524-78

Carbon dioxide analyzer calibration.

Section 86.526-90

Calibration of other equipment.

Section 86.527-90

Test procedures, overview.

Section 86.528-78

Transmissions.

Section 86.529-98

Road load force and inertia weight determination.

Section 86.530-78

Test sequence, general requirements.

Section 86.531-78

Vehicle preparation.

Section 86.532-78

Vehicle preconditioning.

Section 86.535-90

Dynamometer procedure.

Section 86.536-78

Engine starting and restarting.

Section 86.537-90

Dynamometer test runs.

Section 86.540-90

Exhaust sample analysis.

Section 86.542-90

Records required.

Section 86.544-90

Calculations; exhaust emissions.

Section 86.545-86.599

§§ 86.545-86.599 [Reserved]

Section 86.601-1 - 86.601-83

§§ 86.601-1-86.601-83 [Reserved]

Section 86.601-84

Applicability.

Section 86.602-84

Definitions.

Section 86.602-98

Definitions.

Section 86.603-88

Test orders.

Section 86.603-98

Test orders.

Section 86.604-84

Testing by the Administrator.

Section 86.605-88

Maintenance of records; submittal of information.

Section 86.605-98

Maintenance of records; submittal of information.

Section 86.606-84

Entry and access.

Section 86.607-84

Sample selection.

Section 86.608-98

Test procedures.

Section 86.609-98

Calculation and reporting of test results.

Section 86.610-98

Compliance with acceptable quality level and passing and failing criteria for Selective Enforcement Audits.

Section 86.612-97

Suspension and revocation of certificates of conformity.

Section 86.614-84

Hearings on suspension, revocation, and voiding of certificates of conformity.

Section 86.615-84

Treatment of confidential information.

Section 86.901

Assessment of fees.

Section 86.1001

Applicability.

Section 86.1101-87

Applicability.

Section 86.1102-87

Definitions.

Section 86.1103-2016

Criteria for availability of nonconformance penalties.

Section 86.1104-2016

Determination of upper limits.

Section 86.1105-87

Emission standards for which nonconformance penalties are available.

Section 86.1106-87

Production compliance auditing.

Section 86.1107-87

Testing by the Administrator.

Section 86.1108-87

Maintenance of records.

Section 86.1109-87

Entry and access.

Section 86.1110-87

Sample selection.

Section 86.1111-87

Test procedures for PCA testing.

Section 86.1112-87

Determining the compliance level and reporting of test results.

Section 86.1113-87

Calculation and payment of penalty.

Section 86.1114-87

Suspension and voiding of certificates of conformity.

Section 86.1115-87

Hearing procedures for nonconformance determinations and penalties.

Section 86.1116-87

Treatment of confidential information.

Section 86.1117

Labeling.

Section 86.1301

Scope; applicability.

Section 86.1305

Introduction; structure of subpart.

Section 86.1333

Transient test cycle generation.

Section 86.1360

Supplemental emission test; test cycle and procedures.

Section 86.1362

Steady-state testing with a ramped-modal cycle.

Section 86.1370

Not-To-Exceed test procedures.

Section 86.1372

Measuring smoke emissions within the NTE zone.

Section 86.1801-12

Applicability.

Section 86.1802-01

Section numbering; construction.

Section 86.1803-01

Definitions.

Section 86.1804-01

Acronyms and abbreviations.

Section 86.1805-04

Useful life.

Section 86.1805-12

Useful life.

Section 86.1805-17

Useful life.

Section 86.1806-17

Onboard diagnostics.

Section 86.1806-27

Onboard diagnostics.

Section 86.1807-01

Vehicle labeling.

Section 86.1808-01

Maintenance instructions.

Section 86.1809-12

Prohibition of defeat devices.

Section 86.1810-01

General standards; increase in emissions; unsafe conditions; waivers.

Section 86.1810-09

General standards; increase in emissions; unsafe condition; waivers.

Section 86.1810-17

General requirements.

Section 86.1811-04

Emission standards for light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks and medium-duty passenger vehicles.

Section 86.1811-09

Emission standards for light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks and medium-duty passenger vehicles.

Section 86.1811-10

Emission standards for light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks and medium-duty passenger vehicles.

Section 86.1811-17

Exhaust emission standards for light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks and medium-duty passenger vehicles.

Section 86.1811-27

Criteria exhaust emission standards.

Section 86.1813-17

Evaporative and refueling emission standards.

Section 86.1815-27

Battery-related requirements for battery electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.

Section 86.1816-05

Emission standards for complete heavy-duty vehicles.

Section 86.1816-08

Emission standards for complete heavy-duty vehicles.

Section 86.1816-18

Emission standards for heavy-duty vehicles.

Section 86.1818-12

Greenhouse gas emission standards for light-duty vehicles, light-duty trucks, and medium-duty passenger vehicles.

Section 86.1819-14

Greenhouse gas emission standards for medium-duty and heavy-duty vehicles.

Section 86.1820-01

Durability group determination.

Section 86.1821-01

Evaporative/refueling family determination.

Section 86.1822-01

Durability data vehicle selection.

Section 86.1823-08

Durability demonstration procedures for exhaust emissions.

Section 86.1824-08

Durability demonstration procedures for evaporative emissions.

Section 86.1825-08

Durability demonstration procedures for refueling emissions.

Section 86.1826-01

Assigned deterioration factors for small-volume manufacturers and small-volume test groups.

Section 86.1827-01

Test group determination.

Section 86.1828-01

Emission data vehicle selection.

Section 86.1829-15

Durability and emission testing requirements; waivers.

Section 86.1830-01

Acceptance of vehicles for emission testing.

Section 86.1831-01

Mileage accumulation requirements for test vehicles.

Section 86.1832-01

Optional equipment and air conditioning for test vehicles.

Section 86.1833-01

Adjustable parameters.

Section 86.1834-01

Allowable maintenance.

Section 86.1835-01

Confirmatory certification testing.

Section 86.1836-01

Manufacturer-supplied production vehicles for testing.

Section 86.1837-01

Rounding of emission measurements.

Section 86.1838-01

Small-volume manufacturer certification procedures.

Section 86.1839-01

Carryover of certification and battery monitoring data.

Section 86.1840-01

Special test procedures.

Section 86.1841-01

Compliance with emission standards for the purpose of certification.

Section 86.1842-01

Addition of a vehicle after certification; and changes to a vehicle covered by certification.

Section 86.1843-01

General information requirements.

Section 86.1844-01

Information requirements: Application for certification and submittal of information upon request.

Section 86.1845-04

Manufacturer in-use verification testing requirements.

Section 86.1846-01

Manufacturer in-use confirmatory testing requirements.

Section 86.1847-01

Manufacturer in-use verification and in-use confirmatory testing; submittal of information and maintenance of records.

Section 86.1848-10

Compliance with emission standards for the purpose of certification.

Section 86.1849-01

Right of entry.

Section 86.1850-01

Denial, suspension or revocation of certificate of conformity.

Section 86.1851-01

Application of good engineering judgment to manufacturers' decisions.

Section 86.1852-01

Waivers for good in-use emission performance.

Section 86.1853-01

Certification hearings.

Section 86.1854-12

Prohibited acts.

Section 86.1855-86.1859

§§ 86.1855-86.1859 [Reserved]

Section 86.1860-17

86.1860-17 How to comply with the Tier 3 and Tier 4 fleet average standards.

Section 86.1861-17

How do the NMOG + NO and evaporative emission credit programs work?

Section 86.1862-04

Maintenance of records and submittal of information relevant to compliance with fleet average standards.

Section 86.1864-10

How to comply with cold temperature fleet average standards.

Section 86.1865-12

How to comply with the fleet average CO standards.

Section 86.1866-12

CO credits for advanced technology vehicles.

Section 86.1867-12

CO credits for reducing leakage of air conditioning refrigerant.

Section 86.1867-31

CO credits for reducing leakage of air conditioning refrigerant.

Section 86.1868-12

CO credits for improving the efficiency of air conditioning systems.

Section 86.1869-12

CO credits for off-cycle CO reducing technologies.

Section 86.1870-12

CO credits for qualifying full-size pickup trucks.

Section 86.1901

What testing requirements apply to my engines that have gone into service?

Section 86.1905

How does this program work?

Section 86.1908

How must I select and screen my in-use engines?

Section 86.1910

How must I prepare and test my in-use engines?

Section 86.1912

How do I determine whether an engine meets the vehicle-pass criteria?

Section 86.1915

What are the requirements for Phase 1 and Phase 2 testing?

Section 86.1917

How does in-use testing under this subpart relate to the emission-related warranty in Section 207(a)(1) of the Clean Air Act?

Section 86.1920

What in-use testing information must I report to EPA?

Section 86.1925

What records must I keep?

Section 86.1930

What special provisions apply from 2005 through 2010?

Section 86.1931-86.1999

§§ 86.1931-86.1999 [Reserved]