# 98.223 Calculating GHG emissions.
(a) You must determine annual N<sub>2</sub>O process emissions from each nitric acid train according to paragraphs (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section.
(1) Use a site-specific emission factor and production data according to paragraphs (b) through (i) of this section.
(2) Request Administrator approval for an alternative method of determining N<sub>2</sub>O emissions according to paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(i) If you received Administrator approval for an alternative method of determining N<sub>2</sub>O emissions in the previous reporting year and your methodology is unchanged, your alternative method is automatically approved for the next reporting year.
(ii) You must notify the EPA of your use of a previously approved alternative method in your annual report.
(iii) Otherwise, if you have not received Administrator approval for an alternative method of determining N<sub>2</sub>O emissions in a prior reporting year or your methodology has changed, you must submit the request within the first 30 days of each subsequent reporting year.
(iv) If the Administrator does not approve your requested alternative method within 150 days of the end of the reporting year, you must determine the N<sub>2</sub>O emissions for the current reporting period using the procedures specified in paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
(b) You must conduct an annual performance test for each nitric acid train according to paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) You must conduct the performance test at the absorber tail gas vent, referred to as the test point, for each nitric acid train according to § 98.224(b) through (f). If multiple nitric acid trains exhaust to a common abatement technology and/or emission point, you must sample each process in the ducts before the emissions are combined, sample each process when only one process is operating, or sample the combined emissions when multiple processes are operating and base the site-specific emission factor on the combined production rate of the multiple nitric acid trains.
(2) You must conduct the performance test under normal process operating conditions.
(3) You must measure the production rate during the performance test and calculate the production rate for the test period in tons (100 percent acid basis) per hour.
(c) Using the results of the performance test in paragraph (b) of this section, you must calculate an average site-specific emission factor for each nitric acid train “t” according to Equation V-1 of this section:
where:
EF<sub>N</sub>*2*<sub>Ot</sub> = Average site-specific N<sub>2</sub>O emissions factor for nitric acid train “t” (lb N<sub>2</sub>O/ton nitric acid produced, 100 percent acid basis).
C<sub>N2O</sub> = N<sub>2</sub>O concentration for each test run during the performance test (ppm N<sub>2</sub>O).
1.14 × 10<sub>−7</sub> = Conversion factor (lb/dscf-ppm N<sub>2</sub>O).
Q = Volumetric flow rate of effluent gas for each test run during the performance test (dscf/hr).
P = Production rate for each test run during the performance test (tons nitric acid produced per hour, 100 percent acid basis).
n = Number of test runs.
(d) If nitric acid train “t” exhausts to any N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology “N”, you must determine the destruction efficiency for each N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology “N” according to paragraphs (d)(1), (2), or (3) of this section.
(1) Use the manufacturer's specified destruction efficiency.
(2) Estimate the destruction efficiency through process knowledge. Examples of information that could constitute process knowledge include calculations based on material balances, process stoichiometry, or previous test results provided the results are still relevant to the current vent stream conditions. You must document how process knowledge (if applicable) was used to determine the destruction efficiency.
(3) Calculate the destruction efficiency by conducting an additional performance test on the emissions stream following the N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology.
(e) If nitric acid train “t” exhausts to any N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology “N”, you must determine the annual amount of nitric acid produced on nitric acid train “t” while N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology “N” is operating according to § 98.224(f). Then you must calculate the abatement utilization factor for each N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology “N” for each nitric acid train “t” according to Equation V-2 of this section.
where:
AF<sub>t,N</sub> = Abatement utilization factor of N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology “N” at nitric acid train “t” (fraction of annual production that abatement technology is operating).
P<sub>t</sub> = Total annual nitric acid production from nitric acid train “t” (ton acid produced, 100 percent acid basis).
P<sub>t,N</sub> = Annual nitric acid production from nitric acid train “t” during which N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology “N” was operational (ton acid produced, 100 percent acid basis).
(f) [Reserved]
(g) You must calculate N<sub>2</sub>O emissions for each nitric acid train “t” according to paragraph (g)(1), (g)(2), (g)(3), or (g)(4) of this section.
(1) If nitric acid train “t” exhausts to one N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology “N” after the test point, you must use the emissions factor (determined in Equation V-1 of this section), the destruction efficiency (determined in paragraph (d) of this section), the annual nitric acid production (determined in paragraph (i) of this section), and the abatement utilization factor (determined in paragraph (e) of this section) according to Equation V-3a of this section:
where:
E<sub>N</sub>*2*<sub>Ot</sub> = Annual N<sub>2</sub>O mass emissions from nitric acid train “t” according to this Equation V-3a (metric tons).
EF<sub>N</sub>*2*<sub>Ot</sub> = Average site-specific N<sub>2</sub>O emissions factor for nitric acid train ”t” (lb N<sub>2</sub>O/ton acid produced, 100 percent acid basis).
P<sub>t</sub> = Annual nitric acid production from nitric acid train “t” (ton acid produced, 100 percent acid basis).
DF = Destruction efficiency of N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology N that is used on nitric acid train “t” (decimal fraction of N<sub>2</sub>O removed from vent stream).
AF = Abatement utilization factor of N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology “N” for nitric acid train “t” (decimal fraction of annual production during which abatement technology is operating).
2205 = Conversion factor (lb/metric ton).
(2) If multiple N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technologies are located in series after your test point, you must use the emissions factor (determined in Equation V-1 of this section), the destruction efficiency (determined in paragraph (d) of this section), the annual nitric acid production (determined in paragraph (i) of this section), and the abatement utilization factor (determined in paragraph (e) of this section), according to Equation V-3b of this section:
where:
E<sub>N</sub>*2*<sub>Ot</sub> = Annual N<sub>2</sub>O mass emissions from nitric acid train “t” according to this Equation V-3b (metric tons).
EF<sub>N2O,t</sub> = N<sub>2</sub>O emissions factor for nitric acid train “t” (lb N<sub>2</sub>O/ton nitric acid produced).
P<sub>t</sub> = Annual nitric acid produced from nitric acid train “t” (ton acid produced, 100 percent acid basis).
DF<sub>1</sub> = Destruction efficiency of N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology 1 (decimal fraction of N<sub>2</sub>O removed from vent stream).
AF<sub>1</sub> = Abatement utilization factor of N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology 1 (decimal fraction of time that abatement technology 1 is operating).
DF<sub>2</sub> = Destruction efficiency of N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology 2 (decimal fraction of N<sub>2</sub>O removed from vent stream).
AF<sub>2</sub> = Abatement utilization factor of N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology 2 (decimal fraction of time that abatement technology 2 is operating).
DF<sub>N</sub> = Destruction efficiency of N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology N (decimal fraction of N<sub>2</sub>O removed from vent stream).
AF<sub>N</sub> = Abatement utilization factor of N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology N (decimal fraction of time that abatement technology N is operating).
2205 = Conversion factor (lb/metric ton).
N = Number of different N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technologies.
(3) If multiple N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technologies are located in parallel after your test point, you must use the emissions factor (determined in Equation V-1 of this section), the destruction efficiency (determined in paragraph (d) of this section), the annual nitric acid production (determined in paragraph (i) of this section), and the abatement utilization factor (determined in paragraph (e) of this section), according to Equation V-3c of this section:
where:
E<sub>N</sub>*2*<sub>Ot</sub> = Annual N<sub>2</sub>O mass emissions from nitric acid train “t” according to this Equation V-3c (metric tons).
EF<sub>N2O,t</sub> = N<sub>2</sub>O emissions factor for nitric acid train “t” (lb N<sub>2</sub>O/ton nitric acid produced).
P<sub>t</sub> = Annual nitric acid produced from nitric acid train “t” (ton acid produced, 100 percent acid basis).
DF<sub>N</sub> = Destruction efficiency of N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology “N” (decimal fraction of N<sub>2</sub>O removed from vent stream).
AF<sub>N</sub> = Abatement utilization factor of N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology “N” (decimal fraction of time that abatement technology “N” is operating).
FC<sub>N</sub> = Fraction control factor of N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology “N” (decimal fraction of total emissions from nitric acid train “t” that are sent to abatement technology “N”).
2205 = Conversion factor (lb/metric ton).
N = Number of different N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technologies with a fraction control factor.
(4) If nitric acid train “t” does not exhaust to any N<sub>2</sub>O abatement technology after the test point, you must use the emissions factor (determined in Equation V-1 of this section), and the annual nitric acid production (determined in paragraph (i) of this section) according to Equation V-3b of this section:
where:
E<sub>N</sub>*2*<sub>Ot</sub> = Annual N<sub>2</sub>O mass emissions from nitric acid train “t” according to this Equation V-3d (metric tons).
EF<sub>N</sub>*2*<sub>Ot</sub> = Average site-specific N<sub>2</sub>O emissions factor for nitric acid train ”t” (lb N<sub>2</sub>O/ton acid produced, 100 percent acid basis).
P<sub>t</sub> = Annual nitric acid production from nitric acid train “t” (ton acid produced, 100 percent acid basis).
2205 = Conversion factor (lb/metric ton).
(h) You must determine the annual nitric acid production emissions combined from all nitric acid trains at your facility using Equation V-4 of this section:
Where:
N<sub>2</sub>O = Annual process N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from nitric acid production facility (metric tons).
E<sub>N</sub>*2*<sub>Ot</sub> = N<sub>2</sub>O mass emissions per year for nitric acid train “t” (metric tons).
m = Number of nitric acid trains.
(i) You must determine the total annual amount of nitric acid produced on each nitric acid train “t” (tons acid produced, 100 percent acid basis), according to § 98.224(f).
[74 FR 56374, Oct. 30, 2009, as amended at 75 FR 66466, Oct. 28, 2010; 78 FR 71959, Nov. 29, 2013; 81 FR 89260, Dec. 9, 2016]