# Nuclear-related controls.
**AGENCY:**
Department of State.
**ACTION:**
Final rule, correction.
**SUMMARY:**
On May 24, 2013, the Department of State published a rule (78 FR 31444) proposing to amend the International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) by revising Category XV of the U.S Munitions List (USML) as part of the President's Export Control Reform (ECR) effort. After review of comments to the proposed rule, on May 13, 2014, the Department published an interim final rule that allowed a final comment period until June 27, 2014. The Department is now making final the interim final rule and correcting the interim final rule that appeared in the *Federal Register* of May 13, 2014.
**DATES:**
This rule is effective November 10, 2014.
**FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:**
Mr. C. Edward Peartree, Director, Office of Defense Trade Controls Policy, Department of State, telephone (202) 663-2792; email *[email protected].* ATTN: Regulatory Change, Category XV Final Rule.
**SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:**
The Department provides the following modification and corrections to the rule, “Amendment to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations: Revision of U.S. Munitions List Category XV,” published on May 13, 2014, and effective on November 10, 2014 (79 FR 27180).
The changes in this rule are meant to clarify the regulation by revising certain text and providing conforming updates to Supplement No. 1 to part 126, taking into account revisions made to the USML categories in the rule published on May 13, 2014. Additionally, supplement No. 1 to part 126 is amended by adding a note regarding the use of the exemptions for transactions that require congressional notification (Note 17) due to confusion as to when the exemptions may be used in furtherance of properly notified agreements.
Pursuant to ECR, the Department of Commerce has been publishing revisions to the Export Administration Regulations, including various revisions to the Commerce Control List (CCL). Revision of the USML and CCL are coordinated so there is uninterrupted regulatory coverage for items moving from the jurisdiction of the Department of State to that of the Department of Commerce. The Department of Commerce's companion to this notice ( *see* “Revisions to the Export Administration Regulations: Control of Spacecraft Systems and Related Items That the President Determines No Longer Warrant Control Under the United States Munitions List,” 79 FR 27418) is also published in this edition of the *Federal Register* .
The following modifications and corrections are made to the rule, FR Doc. 2014-10806, published on May 13, 2014 (79 FR 27180):
**22 CFR Part 121**
**PART 121 [CORRECTED]**
§ 121.1
1A. On page 27185, in the third column, in amendatory instruction 4, add “paragraph (d)(1) of U.S. Munitions List Category XIII,” before “paragraph (i) of U.S. Munitions List Category IV”.
1B. On page 27185, in the third column, in Category IV, paragraph (i), “enumerated” is removed and “described” is added in its place and on page 27186 in the first column, in Category IV, paragraph (i), “to a foreign person” is added following “(including training)” in two places.
**22 CFR Part 121**
2. On page 27186, in the first column, before Category XV the following is added:
**Category XIII—Materials and Miscellaneous Articles**
(d) Materials, as follows:
*(1) Ablative materials fabricated or semi-fabricated from advanced composites (e.g., silica, graphite, carbon, carbon/carbon, and boron filaments) specially designed for the articles in USML Category IV or XV (MT if usable for nozzles, re-entry vehicles, nose tips, or nozzle flaps usable in rockets, space launch vehicles (SLVs), or missiles capable of achieving a range greater than or equal to 300 km); or
**22 CFR Part 121**
3. On page 27186, in the second column, in Category XV, paragraph (a)(10), “assembly” is removed and “surveillance, assembly, repair,” is added in its place.
**22 CFR Part 121**
4. On page 27186, in the second column, in Category XV, paragraph (a)(11), “[Reserved]” is removed and “Provide for sub-orbital or in-space human habitation and have integrated propulsion other than that required for attitude control;” is added in its place.
**22 CFR Part 121**
5. On page 27186, in the second column, in Category XV, paragraph (a)(12) is removed and “That are not commercial communications satellites and that have integrated propulsion other than for attitude control or achieving initial orbit;” is added in its place.
**22 CFR Part 121**
6. On page 27187, in the first column, in Category XV, Note to paragraph (c) is retitled “Note to paragraph (c)(3)”, it is moved to below paragraph (c)(3), and “Articles do not become subject to the EAR until integrated into the item subject to the EAR. Export, reexport, retransfer, or temporary import of, and technical data and defense services directly related to, defense articles intended to be integrated remain subject to the ITAR.” is added to the end.
**22 CFR Part 121**
7. On page 27187, in the second column, in Category XV:
a. In paragraph (e)(11)(ii) “or” is removed;
b. In paragraph (e)(11)(iii), “)” is added before the semi-colon and “or” is added after the semi-colon; and
c. Paragraph (e)(11)(iv) is added reading “(iv) Plasma based propulsion systems;”
**22 CFR Part 121**
8. On page 27187, in the third column, in Category XV, Note 2 to paragraph (e)(18), “XXXX XX” is removed and “May 13” is added in its place.
**22 CFR Part 121**
9. On page 27188, in the first column, in Category XV, Note 2 to paragraph (e), “Articles do not become subject to the EAR until integrated into the item subject to the EAR. Export, reexport, retransfer, or temporary import of, and technical data and defense services directly related to defense articles intended to be integrated remain subject to the ITAR.” is added to the end.
**22 CFR Part 121**
10. On page 27188, in the second column, in Category XV, paragraph (f), “enumerated” is removed and “described” is added in its place.
**22 CFR Part 121**
11. On page 27188, in the second column, in Category XV, Note 1 to paragraph (f):
a. The word “certain” is added before the second instance of “technical data”;
b. The word “enumerated” is removed and “described” is added in its place; and
c. The word “includes” is removed and “only applies to” is added in its place.
**22 CFR Part 123**
**PART 123 [CORRECTED]**
12. On page 27189, in the first column, before Part 124—AGREEMENTS, OFF-SHORE PROCUREMENT, AND OTHER DEFENSE SERVICES add the following amendments:
**22 CFR Part 123**
**PART 123—LICENSES FOR THE EXPORT AND TEMPORARY IMPORT OF DEFENSE ARTICLES**
5. The authority citation for part 123 continues to read as follows:
**Authority:**
Secs. 2, 38, and 71, 90, 90 Stat. 744 (22 U.S.C. 2752, 2778, 2797); 22 U.S.C. 2753; 22 U.S.C. 2651a; 22 U.S.C. 2776; Pub. L. 105-261, 112 Stat. 1920; Sec 1205(a), Pub. L. 107-228; Section 1261, Pub. L. 112-239; E.O. 13637, 78 FR 16129.
**22 CFR Part 123**
6. Section 123.16 is amended by removing and reserving paragraph (b)(10).
**22 CFR Part 123**
7. Section 123.20 is amended by revising paragraph (a) to read as follows:
§ 123.20
(a) The provisions of this subchapter do not apply to articles, technical data, or services in Category VI, Category XV, Category XVI, or Category XX of § 121.1 of this subchapter to the extent that exports of such articles, technical data, or services are controlled by the Department of Energy or the Nuclear Regulatory Commission pursuant to the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, and the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978, as amended, or is a government transfer authorized pursuant to these Acts. For Department of Commerce controls, *see* 15 CFR 742.3 and 744.2, administered pursuant to Section 309(c) of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Act of 1978, as amended (42 U.S.C. 2139a(c)), and 15 CFR 744.5, which are not subject to this subchapter.
**22 CFR Part 125**
**PART 125 [CORRECTED]**
13. On page 27189, in the second column, before the signature, add the following amendments:
**22 CFR Part 125**
**PART 125—LICENSES FOR THE EXPORT OF TECHNICAL DATA AND CLASSIFIED DEFENSE ARTICLES**
9. The authority citation for part 123 continues to read as follows:
**Authority:**
Secs. 2 and 38, 90, 90 Stat. 744 (22 U.S.C. 2752, 2778); 22 U.S.C. 2651a; E.O. 13637, 78 FR 16129.
**22 CFR Part 125**
10. Section 125.4 is amended by removing and reserving paragraph (d).
**22 CFR Part 126**
**PART 126 [CORRECTED]**
14. On page 27189, in the second column, before the signature, add the following amendments:
**22 CFR Part 126**
**PART 126—GENERAL POLICIES AND PROVISIONS**
11. The authority citation for part 126 continues to read as follows:
**Authority:**
Secs. 2, 38, 40, 42, and 71, Pub. L. 90-629, 90 Stat. 744 (22 U.S.C. 2752, 2778, 2780, 2791, and 2797); 22 U.S.C. 2651a; 22 U.S.C. 287c; E.O. 12918, 59 FR 28205; 3 CFR, 1994 Comp., p. 899; Sec. 1225, Pub. L. 108-375; Sec. 7089, Pub. L. 111-117; Pub. L. 111-266; Sections 7045 and 7046, Pub. L. 112-74; E.O. 13637, 78 FR 16129.
**22 CFR Part 126**
12. Supplement No. 1 to part 126 is revised to read as follows:
**Supplement No. 1***
*An “X” in the chart indicates that the item is excluded from use under the exemption referenced in the top of the column. An item excluded in any one row is excluded regardless of whether other rows may contain a description that would include the item.
| USML Category | Exclusion | (CA) | (AS) | (UK) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| I-XXI | Classified defense articles and services.
Note 1 | X | X | X |
| I-XXI | Defense articles listed in the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) Annex | X | X | X |
| I-XXI | U.S. origin defense articles and services used for marketing purposes and not previously licensed for export in accordance with this subchapter | | X | X |
| I-XXI | Defense services for or technical data related to defense articles identified in this supplement as excluded from the Canadian exemption | X | | |
| I-XXI | Any transaction involving the export of defense articles and services for which congressional notification is required in accordance with § 123.15 and § 124.11 of this subchapter.
Note 17 | X | | |
| I-XXI | U.S. origin defense articles and services specific to developmental systems that have not obtained written Milestone B approval from the U.S. Department of Defense milestone approval authority, unless such export is pursuant to a written solicitation or contract issued or awarded by the U.S. Department of Defense for an end-use identified in paragraph (e)(1), (e)(2), or (e)(4) of § 126.16 or § 126.17 of this subchapter and is consistent with other exclusions of this supplement | | X | X |
| I-XXI | Nuclear weapons strategic delivery systems and all components, parts, accessories, and attachments specifically designed for such systems and associated equipment | X | | |
| I-XXI | Defense articles and services specific to the existence or method of compliance with anti-tamper measures, where such measures are readily identifiable, made at originating Government direction | | X | X |
| I-XXI | Defense articles and services specific to reduced observables or counter low observables in any part of the spectrum.
Note 2 | | X | X |
| I-XXI | Defense articles and services specific to sensor fusion beyond that required for display or identification correlation.
Note 3 | | X | X |
| I-XXI | Defense articles and services specific to the automatic target acquisition or recognition and cueing of multiple autonomous unmanned systems | | X | X |
| I-XXI | Nuclear power generating equipment or propulsion equipment (
nuclear reactors), specifically designed for military use and components therefor, specifically designed for military use.
also § 123.20 of this subchapter | | | X |
| I-XXI | Libraries (parametric technical databases) specially designed for military use with equipment controlled on the USML.
Note 13 | | | X |
| I-XXI | Defense services or technical data specific to applied research as defined in § 125.4(c)(3) of this subchapter, design methodology as defined in § 125.4(c)(4) of this subchapter, engineering analysis as defined in § 125.4(c)(5) of this subchapter, or manufacturing know-how as defined in § 125.4(c)(6) of this subchapter.
Note 12 | X | | |
| I-XXI | Defense services other than those required to prepare a quote or bid proposal in response to a written request from a department or agency of the United States Federal Government or from a Canadian Federal, Provincial, or Territorial Government; or defense services other than those required to produce, design, assemble, maintain or service a defense article for use by a registered U.S. company, or a U.S. Federal Government Program, or for end-use in a Canadian Federal, Provincial, or Territorial Government Program.
Note 14 | X | | |
| I | Firearms, close assault weapons, and combat shotguns | X | | |
| II(k) | Software source code related to USML Category II(c), II(d), or II(i).
Note 4 | | X | X |
| II(k) | Manufacturing know-how related to USML Category II(d).
Note 5 | X | X | X |
| III | Ammunition for firearms, close assault weapons, and combat shotguns listed in USML Category I | X | | |
| III | Defense articles and services specific to ammunition and fuse setting devices for guns and armament controlled in USML Category II | | | X |
| III(e) | Manufacturing know-how related to USML Category III(d)(1) or III(d)(2) and their specially designed components.
Note 5 | X | X | X |
| III(e) | Software source code related to USML Category III(d)(1) or III(d)(2).
Note 4 | | X | X |
| IV | Defense articles and services specific to man-portable air defense systems (MANPADS).
Note 6 | X | X | X |
| IV | Defense articles and services specific to rockets, designed or modified for non-military applications that do not have a range of 300 km (
not controlled on the MTCR Annex) | | | X |
| IV | Defense articles and services specific to torpedoes | | X | X |
| IV | Defense articles and services specific to anti-personnel landmines.
Note 15 | X | X | X |
| IV | Defense articles and services specific to cluster munitions | X | X | X |
| IV(i) | Software source code related to USML Category IV(a), IV(b), IV(c), or IV(g).
Note 4 | | X | X |
| IV(i) | Manufacturing know-how related to USML Category IV(a), IV(b), IV(d), or IV(g) and their specially designed components.
Note 5 | X | X | X |
| V | The following energetic materials and related substances: | | | X |
| V(a)(13) | ANF or ANAzF as described in USML Category V(a)(13)(iii) and (iv) | | | X |
| V(a)(23) | Difluoraminated derivative of RDX as described in USML Category V(a)(23)(iii) | | | X |
| V(c)(7) | Pyrotechnics and pyrophorics specifically formulated for military purposes to enhance or control radiated energy in any part of the IR spectrum | | | X |
| V(d)(3) | Bis-2, 2-dinitropropylnitrate (BDNPN) | | | X |
| V(i) | Developmental explosives, propellants, pyrotechnics, fuels, oxidizers, binders, additives, or precursors therefor, funded by the Department of Defense via contract or other funding authorization in accordance with notes 1 to 3 for USML Category V(i). This exclusion does not apply if such export is pursuant to a written solicitation or contract issued or awarded by the U.S. Department of Defense for an end-use identified in paragraph (e)(1), (e)(2), or (e)(4) of § 126.16 or § 126.17 of this subchapter and is consistent with other exclusions of this supplement | | X | X |
| VI | Defense articles and services specific to cryogenic equipment, and specially designed components or accessories therefor, specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne or space applications, capable of operating while in motion and of producing or maintaining temperatures below 103 K (−170 °C) | | | X |
| VI | Defense articles and services specific to superconductive electrical equipment (rotating machinery and transformers) specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne, or space applications and capable of operating while in motion. This, however, does not include direct current hybrid homopolar generators which have single-pole normal metal armatures that rotate in a magnetic field produced by superconducting windings, provided those windings are the only superconducting component in the generator | | | X |
| VI | Defense articles and services specific to naval technology and systems relating to acoustic spectrum control and awareness.
Note 10 | | X | X |
| VI(a) | Nuclear powered vessels | X | X | X |
| VI(e) | Defense articles and services specific to naval nuclear propulsion equipment.
Note 7 | X | X | X |
| VI(g) | Software source code related to USML Category VI(a) or VI(c).
Note 4 | | X | X |
| VII | Defense articles and services specific to cryogenic equipment, and specially designed components or accessories therefor, specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne or space applications, capable of operating while in motion and of producing or maintaining temperatures below 103 K (−170 °C) | | | X |
| VII | Defense articles and services specific to superconductive electrical equipment (rotating machinery and transformers) specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne, or space applications and capable of operating while in motion. This, however, does not include direct current hybrid homopolar generators which have single-pole normal metal armatures that rotate in a magnetic field produced by superconducting windings, provided those windings are the only superconducting component in the generator | | | X |
| VIII | Defense articles and services specific to cryogenic equipment, and specially designed components and accessories therefor, specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne or space applications, capable of operating while in motion and of producing or maintaining temperatures below 103 K (−170 °C) | | | X |
| VIII | Defense articles and services specific to superconductive electrical equipment (rotating machinery and transformers) specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne, or space applications and capable of operating while in motion. This, however, does not include direct current hybrid homopolar generators which have single-pole normal metal armatures that rotate in a magnetic field produced by superconducting windings, provided those windings are the only superconducting component in the generator | | | X |
| VIII(a) | All USML Category VIII(a) items | X | | |
| VIII(f) | Developmental aircraft parts, components, accessories, and attachments identified in USML Category VIII(f) | X | | |
| VIII(i) | Manufacturing know-how related to USML Category VIII(a) or VIII(e), and specially designed parts or components therefor.
Note 5 | X | X | X |
| VIII(i) | Software source code related to USML Category VIII(a) or VIII(e).
Note 4 | | X | X |
| IX | Training or simulation equipment for Man Portable Air Defense Systems (MANPADS).
Note 6 | | X | X |
| IX(e) | Software source code related to USML Category IX(a) or IX(b).
Note 4 | | X | X |
| IX(e) | Software that is both specifically designed or modified for military use and specifically designed or modified for modeling or simulating military operational scenarios | | | X |
| X(e) | Manufacturing know-how related to USML Category X(a)(1) or X(a)(2), and specially designed components therefor.
Note 5 | X | X | X |
| XI(a) | Defense articles and services specific to countermeasures and counter-countermeasures.
Note 9 | | X | X |
| XI(a) | High Frequency and Phased Array Microwave Radar systems, with capabilities such as search, acquisition, tracking, moving target indication, and imaging radar systems.
Note 16 | | X | |
| XI | Defense articles and services specific to naval technology and systems relating to acoustic spectrum control and awareness.
Note 10 | | X | X |
| XI(b), XI(c), XI(d) | Defense articles and services specific to USML Category XI (b) (
communications security (COMSEC) and TEMPEST) | | X | X |
| XI(d) | Software source code related to USML Category XI(a).
Note 4 | | X | X |
| XI(d) | Manufacturing know-how related to USML Category XI(a)(3) or XI(a)(4), and specially designed components therefor.
Note 5 | X | X | X |
| XII | Defense articles and services specific to countermeasures and counter-countermeasures.
Note 9 | | X | X |
| XII | Defense articles and services specific to USML Category XII(c) articles, except any 1st- and 2nd-generation image intensification tubes and 1st- and 2nd-generation image intensification night sighting equipment. End-items in USML Category XII(c) and related technical data limited to basic operations, maintenance, and training information as authorized under the exemption in § 125.4(b)(5) of this subchapter may be exported directly to a Canadian Government entity (
federal, provincial, territorial, or municipal) consistent with § 126.5, other exclusions, and the provisions of this subchapter | | | |
| XII | Technical data or defense services for night vision equipment beyond basic operations, maintenance, and training data. However, the AS and UK Treaty exemptions apply when such export is pursuant to a written solicitation or contract issued or awarded by the U.S. Department of Defense for an end-use identified in paragraph (e)(1), (e)(2), or (e)(4) of § 126.16 or § 126.17 of this subchapter and is consistent with other exclusions of this supplement | X | X | X |
| XII(f) | Manufacturing know-how related to USML Category XII(d) and specially designed components therefor.
Note 5 | X | X | X |
| XII(f) | Software source code related to USML Category XII(a), XII(b), XII(c), or XII(d).
Note 4 | | X | X |
| XIII(b) | Defense articles and services specific to USML Category XIII(b) (Military Information Security Assurance Systems, cryptographic devices, software, and components) | | X | X |
| XIII(d) | Carbon/carbon billets and preforms which are reinforced in three or more dimensional planes, specifically designed, developed, modified, configured or adapted for defense articles | | | X |
| XIII(e) | Defense articles and services specific to armored plate manufactured to comply with a military standard or specification or suitable for military use.
Note 11 | | | X |
| XIII(g) | Defense articles and services related to concealment and deception equipment and materials | | | X |
| XIII(h) | Energy conversion devices other than fuel cells | | | X |
| XIII(j) | Defense articles and services related to hardware associated with the measurement or modification of system signatures for detection of defense articles as described in Note 2 | | X | X |
| XIII(l) | Software source code related to USML Category XIII(a).
Note 4 | | X | X |
| XIV | Defense articles and services related to toxicological agents, including chemical agents, biological agents, and associated equipment | | X | X |
| XIV(a), XIV(b), XIV(d), XIV(e), XIV(f) | Chemical agents listed in USML Category XIV(a), (d) and (e), biological agents and biologically derived substances in USML Category XIV(b), and equipment listed in USML Category XIV(f) for dissemination of the chemical agents and biological agents listed in USML Category XIV(a), (b), (d), and (e) | X | | |
| XV(a) | Defense articles and services specific to spacecraft/satellites. However, the Canadian exemption may be used for commercial communications satellites that have no other type of payload | X | X | X |
| XV(b) | Defense articles and services specific to ground control stations for spacecraft telemetry, tracking, and control. Defense articles and services are not excluded under this entry if they do not control the spacecraft. Receivers for receiving satellite transmissions are also not excluded under this entry | | X | X |
| XV(c) | Defense articles and services specific to GPS/PPS security modules | | X | X |
| XV(c) | Defense articles controlled in USML Category XV(c) except end-items for end-use by the Federal Government of Canada exported directly or indirectly through a Canadian-registered person | X | | |
| XV(e) | Anti-jam systems with the ability to respond to incoming interference by adaptively reducing antenna gain (nulling) in the direction of the interference | X | | |
| XV(e)(1) | Antennas having any of the following: | X | | |
| XV(e)(12) | Propulsion systems which permit acceleration of the satellite on-orbit (
after mission orbit injection) at rates greater than 0.1 g | X | | |
| XV(e)(10) | Attitude determination and control systems designed to provide spacecraft pointing determination and control or payload pointing system control better than 0.02 degrees per axis | X | | |
| XV(e) | All parts, components, accessories, attachments, equipment, or systems for USML Category XV(a) items, except when specially designed for use in commercial communications satellites | X | | |
| XV(e) | Defense articles and services specific to spacecraft, ground control station systems (only for spacecraft control as controlled in USML Category XV(b)), subsystems, components, parts, accessories, attachments, and associated equipment controlled in Category XV | | X | X |
| XV(f) | Technical data and defense services directly related to the other defense articles excluded from the exemptions for USML Category XV | X | X | X |
| XVI | Defense articles and services specific to design and testing of nuclear weapons | X | X | X |
| XVII | Classified articles, and technical data and defense services relating thereto, not elsewhere enumerated.
Note 1 | X | X | X |
| XVIII | Defense articles and services specific to directed energy weapon systems | | X | X |
| XIX(e), XIX(f)(1), XIX(f)(2), XIX(g) | Defense articles and services specific to gas turbine engine hot section components and to Full Authority Digital Engine Control Systems (FADEC) or Digital Electronic Engine Controls (DEEC).
Note 8 | | X | X |
| XIX(g) | Technical data and defense services for gas turbine engine hot sections. (This does not include hardware).
Note 8 | X | X | X |
| XX | Defense articles and services related to submersible vessels, oceanographic, and associated equipment | X | X | X |
| XX | Defense articles and services specific to naval technology and systems relating to acoustic spectrum control and awareness.
Note 10 | | X | X |
| XX | Defense articles specific to cryogenic equipment, and specially designed components or accessories therefor, specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne or space applications, capable of operating while in motion and of producing or maintaining temperatures below 103 K (−170 °C) | | | X |
| XX | Defense articles specific to superconductive electrical equipment (rotating machinery and transformers) specially designed or configured to be installed in a vehicle for military ground, marine, airborne, or space applications and capable of operating while in motion. This, however, does not include direct current hybrid homopolar generators that have single-pole normal metal armatures which rotate in a magnetic field produced by superconducting windings, provided those windings are the only superconducting component in the generator | | | X |
| XX(a) | Nuclear powered vessels | X | X | X |
| XX(b) | Defense articles and services specific to naval nuclear propulsion equipment.
Note 7 | X | X | X |
| XX(c) | Defense articles and services specific to submarine combat control systems | | X | X |
| XX(d) | Software source code related to USML Category XX(a).
Note 4 | | X | X |
| XXI | Articles, and technical data and defense services relating thereto, not otherwise enumerated on the USML, but placed in this category by the Director, Office of Defense Trade Controls Policy | X | X | X |
Rose E. Gottemoeller,
Under Secretary, Arms Control and International Security, Department of State.