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Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Initiation of 5-Year Status Reviews for 122 Species in Hawaii, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington 

---
identifier: "/us/fr/2025-17566"
source: "fr"
legal_status: "authoritative_unofficial"
title: "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Initiation of 5-Year Status Reviews for 122 Species in Hawaii, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington"
title_number: 0
title_name: "Federal Register"
section_number: "2025-17566"
section_name: "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Initiation of 5-Year Status Reviews for 122 Species in Hawaii, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington"
positive_law: false
currency: "2025-09-11"
last_updated: "2025-09-11"
format_version: "1.1.0"
generator: "[email protected]"
agency: "Interior Department"
document_number: "2025-17566"
document_type: "notice"
publication_date: "2025-09-11"
agencies:
  - "Interior Department"
  - "Fish and Wildlife Service"
fr_citation: "90 FR 44084"
fr_volume: 90
docket_ids:
  - "FWS-R1-ES-2024-N072"
  - "FXES11130100000-256-FF01E00000"
fr_action: "Notice of initiation of reviews; request for information."
---

#  Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Initiation of 5-Year Status Reviews for 122 Species in Hawaii, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington

**AGENCY:**

Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior.

**ACTION:**

Notice of initiation of reviews; request for information.

**SUMMARY:**

We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, are initiating 5-year status reviews for 122 species in Hawaii, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. A 5-year status review is based on the best scientific and commercial data available at the time of the review; therefore, we are requesting submission of any new information on these species that has become available since the last reviews.

**DATES:**

To ensure consideration in our reviews, we are requesting submission of new information no later than November 10, 2025. However, we will continue to accept new information about any species at any time.

**ADDRESSES:**

*Submitting Information on Species:*

• *Any of the 119 species occurring in Hawaii:*

○ *U.S. mail:* Field Supervisor, Attention: 5-Year Review, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office, 300 Ala Moana Blvd., Room 3-122, Honolulu, HI 96850; or

○ *Email: [email protected].*

• *Slickspot peppergrass and MacFarlane's four o'clock:*

○ *U.S. mail:* State Supervisor, Attention: 5-Year Review, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Idaho Fish and Wildlife Office, 1387 S Vinnell Way, Suite 368, Boise, ID 83709; or

○ *Email: [email protected].*

• *Umtanum desert buckwheat:*

○ *U.S. mail:* State Supervisor, Attention: 5-Year Review, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington Fish and Wildlife Office, 1009 College St. SE, Suite 215, Lacey, WA 98503; or

○ *Email: [email protected].*

**FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:**

For general information, please contact Grant Canterbury, Regional Recovery Biologist, at 503-231-6151. Individuals in the United States who are deaf, deafblind, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability may dial 711 (TTY, TDD, or TeleBraille) to access telecommunications relay services. Individuals outside the United States should use the relay services offered within their country to make international calls to the point-of-contact in the United States.

For information about the following specific species, contact the following people:

• *Any of the 119 species occurring in Hawaii:* Megan Laut, Recovery Program Manager, Pacific Islands Fish and Wildlife Office, 808-792-9400; *[email protected].*

• *Slickspot peppergrass and MacFarlane's four o'clock:* Shannon Brinkman, Recovery Coordinator, Idaho Fish and Wildlife Office, 208-918-2155; *[email protected].*

• *Umtanum desert buckwheat:* Rose Agbalog, Recovery Coordinator, Washington Fish and Wildlife Office, 564-200-2124; *[email protected].*

**SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:**

**Why do we conduct 5-year status reviews?**

Under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (Act; 16 U.S.C. 1531, *et seq.* ), we maintain Lists of  Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants (which we collectively refer to as the List) in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) at 50 CFR 17.11 (for animals) and 17.12 (for plants). Section 4(c)(2)(A) of the Act requires us to review the status of each listed species at least once every 5 years. For additional information about 5-year status reviews, refer to our factsheet at *https://www.fws.gov/project/five-year-status-reviews.*

**What information do we consider in our review?**

A 5-year status review considers all new information available at the time of the review. In conducting these reviews, we consider the best scientific and commercial data that have become available since the listing determination or most recent status reviews, such as:

A. Species biology, including but not limited to population trends, distribution, abundance, demographics, and genetics;

B. Habitat conditions, including but not limited to amount, distribution, and suitability;

C. Conservation measures that have been implemented that benefit the species;

D. Threat status and trends in relation to the five listing factors (as defined in section 4(a)(1) of the Act); and

E. Other new information, data, or corrections, including but not limited to taxonomic or nomenclatural changes, identification of erroneous information contained in the List, and improved analytical methods.

Any new information will be considered during the 5-year status review and will also be useful in evaluating the ongoing recovery programs for these species.

**Which species are under review?**

This notice announces our active review of 122 species, including 8 birds, 1 snail, 2 insects, 1 arachnid, 1 crustacean, and 109 plants, as listed in table 1.

| Common name | Scientific name | Status | Known range of species occurrence | Final listing rule and publication date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |
| Millerbird, Nihoa (old world warbler) |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967. |
| Duck, Laysan |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967. |
| 'Akeke'e (honeycreeper) |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.95(b). |
| 'Akikiki (honeycreeper) |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.95(b). |
| 'O'u (honeycreeper) |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967. |
| Petrel, Hawaiian [='ua'u] |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967. |
| Finch, Laysan (honeycreeper) |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967. |
| Finch, Nihoa (honeycreeper) |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 32 FR 4001, 3/11/1967. |
|  |  |  |  |  |
| Snail, Newcomb's |  | Threatened | Hawaii | 65 FR 4162, 1/26/2000; 50 CFR 17.95(f). |
|  |  |  |  |  |
| Fly, Hawaiian picture-wing |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 71 FR 26835, 5/9/2006; 50 CFR 17.95(i). |
| Fly, Hawaiian picture-wing |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 71 FR 26835, 5/9/2006; 50 CFR 17.95(i). |
|  |  |  |  |  |
| Spider, Kauai cave wolf [=pe'epe'emaka'ole] |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 65 FR 2348, 1/14/2000; 50 CFR 17.95(g). |
|  |  |  |  |  |
| Amphipod, Kauai cave |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 65 FR 2348, 1/14/2000; 50 CFR 17.95(h). |
|  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |
| Pa'iniu |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| 'Ōlulu |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); 
                            
                             50 CFR 17.99(a)(2). |
| 'Āwikiwiki |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Pāpala |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Hāhā |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Hāhā |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Hāhā |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Hāhā |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Hāhā |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Hāhā |  | Threatened | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Hāhā |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Hāhā | [=
                            
                            ] | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Hāhā |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Māpele |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Ha'iwale | ssp.
                            
                             [=
                            
                            ] | Threatened | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Ha'iwale |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Ha'iwale |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Na'ena'e | ssp. | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Na'ena'e |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Na'ena'e |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Koholāpehu |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Na'ena'e |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Na'ena'e | ssp. | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Na'ena'e |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Buckwheat, Umtanum desert |  | Threatened | Washington | 78 FR 23983, 4/23/2013; 50 CFR 17.96(a). |
| 'Akoko | [
                            
                            ] | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| 'Akoko | [
                            
                            ] | Endangered | Hawaii | 57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| 'Akoko | [
                            
                            ] 
                            
                             var. | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| 'Akoko | [
                            
                            ]
                            
                             var. | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Heau |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Nohoanu |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 14482; 3/28/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(e)(1); 
                            
                             50 CFR 17.99(c); 
                            
                             50 CFR 17.99(i). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Kauai hau kuahiwi |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 51 FR 15903; 4/29/1986. |
| Hau kuahiwi |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Hibiscus, Clay's [=Aloalo] |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Koki'o ke'oke'o | ssp. | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Aupaka |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1);
                            
                             50 CFR 17.99(i). |
| No common name | [=
                            
                            ] | Endangered | Hawaii | 56 FR 49639, 9/30/1991 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name | [=
                            
                            ] | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| No common name | [=
                            
                            ] | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Koki'o |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Kāmakahala |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Kāmakahala |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Kāmakahala |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Kāmakahala | var. | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Peppergrass, slickspot |  | Threatened | Idaho | 74 FR 52014, 10/8/2009; 81 FR 55058, 8/17/2016; 50 CFR 17.96(a). |
| Nehe |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Nehe |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Nehe |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Lehua makanoe |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Alani |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Alani |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Alani |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Alani |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Alani |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Alani |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994. |
| Pilo kea lau li'i | [=
                            
                            ] | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Four o'clock, MacFarlane's |  | Threatened | Idaho, Oregon | 44 FR 61912, 10/26/1979; 61 FR 10693, 3/15/1996. |
| Kōlea |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Kōlea |  | Threatened | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Kōlea |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| 'Aiea |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Lau 'ehu |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Makou |  | Threatened | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1); 
                            
                             50 CFR 17.99(c)); 
                            
                             50 CFR 17.99(e)(1)); 
                            
                             50 CFR 17.99(i). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Hō'awa |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Bluegrass, Mann's |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 56330, 11/10/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Bluegrass, Hawaiian |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name [='Ohe'ohe] |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| No common name [='Ohe'ohe] |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Loulu |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010. |
| Loulu |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996. |
| Loulu |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996. |
| Kōpiko |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Kōpiko |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Kaulu |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 56 FR 1450, 1/14/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 56 FR 1450, 1/14/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Ma'oli'oli |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 56 FR 49639, 9/30/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53108, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Kuawāwaenohu |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name | var. | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name | var. | Threatened | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Laulihilihi [=Mā'oli'oli] |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 56 FR 47695, 9/20/1991; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Nani wai'ale'ale [=Pohe hiwa] | var. | Endangered | Hawaii | 61 FR 53070, 10/10/1996; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| Iliau, dwarf |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 57 FR 27859; 6/22/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 57 FR 20580, 5/13/1992; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
|  |  |  |  |  |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 59 FR 9304, 2/25/1994; 50 CFR 17.99(a)(1). |
| No common name |  | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |
| Palapalai 'aumakua | var. | Endangered | Hawaii | 75 FR 18960, 4/13/2010; 50 CFR 17.99(a). |

**Request for New Information**

To ensure that a 5-year status review is complete and based on the best available scientific and commercial information, we request new information from all sources. See What Information Do We Consider in Our Review? for specific criteria. If you submit information, please support it with documentation such as maps, references, methods used to gather and analyze the data, and copies of any pertinent publications, reports, or letters by knowledgeable sources.

If you wish to provide information for any species listed in the table, please submit your comments and materials to the appropriate contact in *ADDRESSES* .

**Public Availability of Comments**

Before including your address, phone number, email address, or other personal identifying information in your comment, you should be aware that your entire comment—including your personal identifying information—may be made publicly available at any time. While you can ask us in your comment to withhold your personal identifying information from public review, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to do so.

**Completed and Active Reviews**

A table including hyperlinks to the most recently completed 5-year status review for each listed species, as well as notices of 5-year status reviews that are currently in progress, is available at *https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/report/species-five-year-review.*

**Authority**

This document is published under the authority of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 *et seq.* ).

Bridget Fahey,

Acting Regional Director, Pacific Region, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.