# § 1468. Transactions with affiliates; extensions of credit to executive officers, directors, and principal shareholders
**(a)** **Affiliate transactions**
**(1)** **In general** Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act [12 U.S.C. 371c and 371c–1] shall apply to every savings association in the same manner and to the same extent as if the savings association were a member bank (as defined in such Act [12 U.S.C. 221 et seq.]), except that—
**(A)** no loan or other extension of credit may be made to any affiliate unless that affiliate is engaged only in activities described in section 1467a(c)(2)(F)(i) of this title; and
**(B)** no savings association may enter into any transaction described in section 23A(b)(7)(B) of the Federal Reserve Act with any affiliate other than with respect to shares of a subsidiary.
**(2)** **Sister bank exemption made available to savings associations**
**(A)** **Savings associations controlled by bank holding companies** section 1467a(c)(8) of this title
Every savings association more than 80 percent of the voting stock of which is owned by a company described in shall be treated as a bank for purposes of section 23A(d)(1) and section 23B of the Federal Reserve Act, if every savings association and bank controlled by such company complies with all applicable capital requirements on a fully phased-in basis and without reliance on goodwill.
**(B)** **Savings associations generally** January 1, 1995
Effective on and after , every savings association shall be treated as a bank for purposes of section 23A(d)(1) and section 23B of the Federal Reserve Act.
**(3)** **Affiliates described** Any company that would be an affiliate (as defined in sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act) of any savings association if such savings association were a member bank (as such term is defined in such Act) shall be deemed to be an affiliate of such savings association for purposes of paragraph (1).
**(4)** **Additional restrictions authorized** The appropriate Federal banking agency may impose such additional restrictions on any transaction between any savings association and any affiliate of such savings association as the appropriate Federal banking agency determines to be necessary to protect the safety and soundness of the savings association.
**(b)** **Extensions of credit to executive officers, directors, and principal shareholders**
**(1)** **In general** 12 U.S.C. 375a
Subsections (g) and (h) of section 22 of the Federal Reserve Act [, 375b] shall apply to every savings association in the same manner and to the same extent as if the savings association were a member bank (as defined in such Act).
**(2)** **Additional restrictions authorized** The appropriate Federal banking agency may impose such additional restrictions on loans or extensions of credit to any appropriate Federal banking agency or executive officer of any savings association, or any person who directly or indirectly owns, controls, or has the power to vote more than 10 percent of any class of voting securities of a savings association, as the appropriate Federal banking agency determines to be necessary to protect the safety and soundness of the savings association.
**(c)** **Administrative enforcement** 12 U.S.C. 1818
The appropriate Federal banking agency may take enforcement action with respect to violations of this section pursuant to section 8 or 18(j) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act [ or 1828(j)], as appropriate.
**(d)** **Exemptions**
**(1)** **Federal savings associations** The Comptroller of the Currency may, by order, exempt a transaction of a Federal savings association from the requirements of this section if—
**(A)** the Board and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency jointly find the exemption to be in the public interest and consistent with the purposes of this section and notify the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation of such finding; and
**(B)** before the end of the 60-day period beginning on the date on which the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation receives notice of the finding under subparagraph (A), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation does not object, in writing, to the finding, based on a determination that the exemption presents an unacceptable risk to the Deposit Insurance Fund.
**(2)** **State savings association** The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation may, by order, exempt a transaction of a State savings association from the requirements of this section if the Board and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation jointly find that—
**(A)** the exemption is in the public interest and consistent with the purposes of this section; and
**(B)** the exemption does not present an unacceptable risk to the Deposit Insurance Fund.
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**Source Credit**: (June 13, 1933, ch. 64, § 11, formerly § 9, 48 Stat. 135; Apr. 27, 1934, ch. 168, § 15, 48 Stat. 647; renumbered § 11, Pub. L. 100–86, title IV, § 402(a), Aug. 10, 1987, 101 Stat. 605; Pub. L. 101–73, title III, § 301, Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 342; Pub. L. 102–242, title III, § 306(i), Dec. 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 2359; Pub. L. 103–325, title III, § 316, Sept. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 2223; Pub. L. 111–203, title III, § 369(9), title VI, § 608(c), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 1565, 1610.)
## Editorial Notes
### References in Text
The Federal Reserve Act, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1), (3) and (b)(1), is , , which is classified principally to chapter 3 (§ 221 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see References in Text note set out under and Tables.
### Amendments
2010—, substituted “appropriate Federal banking agency” for “Director” wherever appearing.
Subsec. (d). , added subsec. (d).
1994—Subsec. (a)(2)(C). , struck out heading and text of subpar. (C) which read as follows:
“(C)
“(i) .—A savings association that is well capitalized (as defined in section 1831 of this title), as determined without including goodwill in calculating core capital, shall be treated as a bank for purposes of and .
“(ii) .—Any savings association that engages under clause (i) in a transaction that would not otherwise be permissible under this subsection, and any affiliated insured bank that is commonly controlled (as defined in ), shall be subject to subsection (e) of as if paragraph (6) of that subsection did not apply.”
, added subpar. (C).
1991—Subsec. (b)(1). substituted “Subsections (g) and (h) of section 22” for “Section 22(h)”.
1989— amended section generally, substituting subsecs. (a) to (c) relating to affiliate transactions, extensions of credit, and administrative enforcement, for former undesignated paragraph relating to separability of provisions.
1934—Act , reenacted section without change.
## Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
### Effective Date of 2010 Amendment
Amendment by effective on the transfer date, see , set out as a note under , The Congress.
Amendment by effective 1 year after the transfer date, see , set out as a note under .
### Effective Date of 1994 Amendment
, , , provided that amendment made by that section is effective .
### Effective Date of 1991 Amendment
Amendment by effective upon the earlier of the date on which final regulations under become effective or 150 days after , see section 306() of , set out as a note under .
### Transitional Rule for Certain Transactions With Affiliates
> **“(a)** **Consistency of Certain Regulations With Section 23A of the Federal Reserve Act [12 U.S.C. 371c].—Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 9, 1989], the Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision shall revise the Director’s conflicts regulations so as not to prohibit a thrift institution from purchasing mortgages from a mortgage-banking affiliate to the same extent as a member bank may do so under section 250.250 of title 12, Code of Federal Regulations.**
>
> **“(b)** **Transitional Period.—** Notwithstanding section 11(a) of the Home Owners’ Loan Act [12 U.S.C. 1468(a)] (as added by section 301 of this Act), a thrift institution that, before May 1, 1989, had received approval from the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation pursuant to section 408(d)(6) of the National Housing Act [former 12 U.S.C. 1730a(d)(6)] as then in effect to purchase mortgages from a mortgage-banking affiliate may, during the 6-month period following the date on which final regulations are prescribed pursuant to subsection (a), continue to engage in transactions for which it had received such approval. Any savings association that engages in such transactions pursuant to this subsection shall comply with the standards that were applicable under section 408(d)(6) as in effect on May 1, 1989.
>
> **“(c)** **Authority To Extend Regulatory Approvals That Would Otherwise Lapse During the Transitional Period.—** The Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision may extend until the expiration of the 6-month period described in subsection (b) any approval granted by the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation that expires or would expire before the expiration of that 6-month period. In determining whether to grant such exemptions, the Director shall apply the standards that were applicable under section 408(d)(6) of the National Housing Act [former 12 U.S.C. 1730a(d)(6)] as in effect on May 1, 1989.”
, , , provided that: