15 USC § 9202 - NSF support of research on manipulated or synthesized content and information security

---
identifier: "/us/usc/t15/s9202"
source: "usc"
legal_status: "official_prima_facie"
title: "15 USC § 9202 - NSF support of research on manipulated or synthesized content and information security"
title_number: 15
title_name: "COMMERCE AND TRADE"
section_number: "9202"
section_name: "NSF support of research on manipulated or synthesized content and information security"
chapter_number: 117
chapter_name: "IDENTIFYING OUTPUTS OF GENERATIVE ADVERSARIAL NETWORKS"
positive_law: false
currency: "119-73"
last_updated: "2026-03-26"
format_version: "1.1.0"
generator: "[email protected]"
source_credit: "(Pub. L. 116–258, § 3, Dec. 23, 2020, 134 Stat. 1151.)"
---


# § 9202. NSF support of research on manipulated or synthesized content and information security

The Director of the National Science Foundation, in consultation with other relevant Federal agencies, shall support merit-reviewed and competitively awarded research on manipulated or synthesized content and information authenticity, which may include—

**(1)** fundamental research on digital forensic tools or other technologies for verifying the authenticity of information and detection of manipulated or synthesized content, including content generated by generative adversarial networks;

**(2)** fundamental research on technical tools for identifying manipulated or synthesized content, such as watermarking systems for generated media;

**(3)** social and behavioral research related to manipulated or synthesized content, including human engagement with the content;

**(4)** research on public understanding and awareness of manipulated and synthesized content, including research on best practices for educating the public to discern authenticity of digital content; and

**1** research awards coordinated with other federal agencies and programs, including the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Agency,[^1] with coordination enabled by the Networking and Information Technology Research and Development Program.

So in original. Probably should be “Activity,”.

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**Source Credit**: (Pub. L. 116–258, § 3, Dec. 23, 2020, 134 Stat. 1151.)