18 USC § 643 - Accounting generally for public money

---
identifier: "/us/usc/t18/s643"
source: "usc"
legal_status: "official_legal_evidence"
title: "18 USC § 643 - Accounting generally for public money"
title_number: 18
title_name: "CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE"
section_number: "643"
section_name: "Accounting generally for public money"
chapter_number: 31
chapter_name: "EMBEZZLEMENT AND THEFT"
part_number: "I"
part_name: "CRIMES"
positive_law: true
currency: "119-84"
last_updated: "2026-04-21"
format_version: "1.1.0"
generator: "[email protected]"
source_credit: "(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 726; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(H), (2)(G), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147, 2148; Pub. L. 104–294, title VI, § 606(a), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3511.)"
---


# § 643. Accounting generally for public money

Whoever, being an officer, employee or agent of the United States or of any department or agency thereof, having received public money which he is not authorized to retain as salary, pay, or emolument, fails to render his accounts for the same as provided by law is guilty of embezzlement, and shall be fined under this title or in a sum equal to the amount of the money embezzled, whichever is greater, or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both; but if the amount embezzled does not exceed $1,000, he shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.

---

**Source Credit**: (June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 726; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(H), (2)(G), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147, 2148; Pub. L. 104–294, title VI, § 606(a), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3511.)

### Historical and Revision Notes

Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 176 (, ).

Word “employee” was inserted to avoid ambiguity as to scope of section.

Words “or of any department or agency thereof” were added after the words “United States”. (See definitions of the terms “department” and “agency” in .)

Mandatory punishment provisions phrased in alternative.

The smaller punishment for an offense involving $100 or less was added. (See reviser’s notes under sections 641 and 645 of this title.)

## Editorial Notes

### Amendments

1996— substituted “$1,000” for “$100”.

1994—, substituted “and shall be fined under this title or in a sum equal to the amount of the money embezzled, whichever is greater, or imprisoned” for “and shall be fined in a sum equal to the amount of the money embezzled or imprisoned”.

, substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $1,000” after “he shall be”.