# § 1706. Reserved rights
**(a)** **Establishment of naval defense sea areas and airspace reservations** Nothing in this Act shall affect the right of the President to establish naval defensive sea areas and naval airspace reservations around and over the islands of Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, and the Virgin Islands when deemed necessary for national defense.
**(b)** **Navigation; flood control; power production** section 1705 of this title
Nothing in this Act shall affect the use, development, improvement, or control by or under the constitutional authority of the United States of the lands transferred by , and the navigable waters overlying such lands, for the purposes of navigation or flood control or the production of power, or be construed as the release or relinquishment of any rights of the United States arising under the constitutional authority of Congress to regulate or improve navigation, or to provide for flood control or the production of power.
**(c)** **Navigational servitude and powers of regulation for purposes of commerce, navigation, national defense, and international affairs** section 1705 of this titlesection 1705 of this title
The United States retains all of its navigational servitude and rights in and powers of regulation and control of the lands conveyed by , and the navigable waters overlying such lands, for the constitutional purposes of commerce, navigation, national defense, and international affairs, all of which shall be paramount to, but shall not be deemed to include, proprietary rights of ownership, or the rights of management, administration, leasing, use, and development of the lands and natural resources which are specifically conveyed to the government of Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands, or American Samoa, as the case may be, by .
**(d)** **Status of lands beyond the three-mile limit** section 1705 of this title
Nothing in this Act shall affect the status of lands beyond the three-mile limit described in .
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**Source Credit**: (Pub. L. 93–435, § 2, Oct. 5, 1974, 88 Stat. 1211; Pub. L. 113–34, § 1(a), Sept. 18, 2013, 127 Stat. 518.)
## Editorial Notes
### References in Text
This Act, referred to in subsecs. (a), (b), and (d), is , , , which enacted sections 1705 to 1708 of this title, amended , and repealed sections 1701 to 1703 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
### Amendments
2013—Subsecs. (a), (c). inserted “the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands,” after “Guam,”.