49 USC § 32309 - Civil penalty for labeling violations

---
identifier: "/us/usc/t49/s32309"
source: "usc"
legal_status: "official_legal_evidence"
title: "49 USC § 32309 - Civil penalty for labeling violations"
title_number: 49
title_name: "TRANSPORTATION"
section_number: "32309"
section_name: "Civil penalty for labeling violations"
chapter_number: 323
chapter_name: "CONSUMER INFORMATION"
part_number: "C"
part_name: "INFORMATION, STANDARDS, AND REQUIREMENTS"
positive_law: true
currency: "119-84"
last_updated: "2026-04-17"
format_version: "1.1.0"
generator: "[email protected]"
source_credit: "(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1042; Pub. L. 103–429, § 6(31), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4380.)"
---


# § 32309. Civil penalty for labeling violations

**(a)** **Definitions.—** The definitions in section 32304 of this title apply to this section.

**(b)** **Penalties.—** A manufacturer of a passenger motor vehicle distributed in commerce for sale in the United States that willfully fails to attach the label required under section 32304 of this title to a new passenger motor vehicle that the manufacturer manufactures or imports, or a dealer that fails to maintain that label as required under section 32304, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than $1,000 for each violation. Each failure to attach or maintain that label for each vehicle is a separate violation.

---

**Source Credit**: (Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1042; Pub. L. 103–429, § 6(31), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4380.)

| RevisedSection | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 32309(a) | (no source). |  |
| 32309(b) | 15:1950(e). | Oct. 20, 1972, Pub. L. 92–513, 86 Stat. 947, § 210(e); added Oct. 6, 1992, Pub. L. 102–388, § 355, 106 Stat. 1557. |

Subsection (a) is added to ensure that the definitions in 15:1950(f), restated in section 32304 of the revised title, apply to the source provision restated in this section.

In subsection (b), the words “Each failure to attach or maintain that label” are substituted for “Such failure” for clarity.

### Pub. L. 103–429

This amends the catchline for 49:32309 to correct an error in the codification enacted by  (, ).

## Editorial Notes

### Amendments

1994— substituted “Civil” for “Criminal” in section catchline.

## Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

### Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

Amendment by  effective , see , set out as a note under .