Title 14, Part 27 — Airworthiness Standards: Normal Category Rotorcraft
252 sections
Section 27.1
Applicability.
Section 27.2
Special retroactive requirements.
Section 27.21
Proof of compliance.
Section 27.25
Weight limits.
Section 27.27
Center of gravity limits.
Section 27.29
Empty weight and corresponding center of gravity.
Section 27.31
Removable ballast.
Section 27.33
Main rotor speed and pitch limits.
Section 27.45
General.
Section 27.49
Performance at minimum operating speed.
Section 27.51
Takeoff.
Section 27.65
Climb: all engines operating.
Section 27.67
Climb: one engine inoperative.
Section 27.71
Autorotation performance.
Section 27.75
Landing.
Section 27.87
Height-velocity envelope.
Section 27.141
General.
Section 27.143
Controllability and maneuverability.
Section 27.151
Flight controls.
Section 27.161
Trim control.
Section 27.171
Stability: general.
Section 27.173
Static longitudinal stability.
Section 27.175
Demonstration of static longitudinal stability.
Section 27.177
Static directional stability.
Section 27.231
General.
Section 27.235
Taxiing condition.
Section 27.239
Spray characteristics.
Section 27.241
Ground resonance.
Section 27.251
Vibration.
Section 27.301
Loads.
Section 27.303
Factor of safety.
Section 27.305
Strength and deformation.
Section 27.307
Proof of structure.
Section 27.309
Design limitations.
Section 27.321
General.
Section 27.337
Limit maneuvering load factor.
Section 27.339
Resultant limit maneuvering loads.
Section 27.341
Gust loads.
Section 27.351
Yawing conditions.
Section 27.361
Engine torque.
Section 27.391
General.
Section 27.395
Control system.
Section 27.397
Limit pilot forces and torques.
Section 27.399
Dual control system.
Section 27.411
Ground clearance: tail rotor guard.
Section 27.427
Unsymmetrical loads.
Section 27.471
General.
Section 27.473
Ground loading conditions and assumptions.
Section 27.475
Tires and shock absorbers.
Section 27.477
Landing gear arrangement.
Section 27.479
Level landing conditions.
Section 27.481
Tail-down landing conditions.
Section 27.483
One-wheel landing conditions.
Section 27.485
Lateral drift landing conditions.
Section 27.493
Braked roll conditions.
Section 27.497
Ground loading conditions: landing gear with tail wheels.
Section 27.501
Ground loading conditions: landing gear with skids.
Section 27.505
Ski landing conditions.
Section 27.521
Float landing conditions.
Section 27.547
Main rotor structure.
Section 27.549
Fuselage, landing gear, and rotor pylon structures.
Section 27.561
General.
Section 27.562
Emergency landing dynamic conditions.
Section 27.563
Structural ditching provisions.
Section 27.571
Fatigue evaluation of flight structure.
Section 27.573
Damage Tolerance and Fatigue Evaluation of Composite Rotorcraft Structures.
Section 27.601
Design.
Section 27.602
Critical parts.
Section 27.603
Materials.
Section 27.605
Fabrication methods.
Section 27.607
Fasteners.
Section 27.609
Protection of structure.
Section 27.610
Lightning and static electricity protection.
Section 27.611
Inspection provisions.
Section 27.613
Material strength properties and design values.
Section 27.619
Special factors.
Section 27.621
Casting factors.
Section 27.623
Bearing factors.
Section 27.625
Fitting factors.
Section 27.629
Flutter.
Section 27.653
Pressure venting and drainage of rotor blades.
Section 27.659
Mass balance.
Section 27.661
Rotor blade clearance.
Section 27.663
Ground resonance prevention means.
Section 27.671
General.
Section 27.672
Stability augmentation, automatic, and power-operated systems.
Section 27.673
Primary flight control.
Section 27.674
Interconnected controls.
Section 27.675
Stops.
Section 27.679
Control system locks.
Section 27.681
Limit load static tests.
Section 27.683
Operation tests.
Section 27.685
Control system details.
Section 27.687
Spring devices.
Section 27.691
Autorotation control mechanism.
Section 27.695
Power boost and power-operated control system.
Section 27.723
Shock absorption tests.
Section 27.725
Limit drop test.
Section 27.727
Reserve energy absorption drop test.
Section 27.729
Retracting mechanism.
Section 27.731
Wheels.
Section 27.733
Tires.
Section 27.735
Brakes.
Section 27.737
Skis.
Section 27.751
Main float buoyancy.
Section 27.753
Main float design.
Section 27.755
Hulls.
Section 27.771
Pilot compartment.
Section 27.773
Pilot compartment view.
Section 27.775
Windshields and windows.
Section 27.777
Cockpit controls.
Section 27.779
Motion and effect of cockpit controls.
Section 27.783
Doors.
Section 27.785
Seats, berths, litters, safety belts, and harnesses.
Section 27.787
Cargo and baggage compartments.
Section 27.801
Ditching.
Section 27.805
Flight crew emergency exits.
Section 27.807
Emergency exits.
Section 27.831
Ventilation.
Section 27.833
Heaters.
Section 27.853
Compartment interiors.
Section 27.855
Cargo and baggage compartments.
Section 27.859
Heating systems.
Section 27.861
Fire protection of structure, controls, and other parts.
Section 27.863
Flammable fluid fire protection.
Section 27.865
External loads.
Section 27.871
Leveling marks.
Section 27.873
Ballast provisions.
Section 27.901
Installation.
Section 27.903
Engines.
Section 27.907
Engine vibration.
Section 27.917
Design.
Section 27.921
Rotor brake.
Section 27.923
Rotor drive system and control mechanism tests.
Section 27.927
Additional tests.
Section 27.931
Shafting critical speed.
Section 27.935
Shafting joints.
Section 27.939
Turbine engine operating characteristics.
Section 27.951
General.
Section 27.952
Fuel system crash resistance.
Section 27.953
Fuel system independence.
Section 27.954
Fuel system lightning protection.
Section 27.955
Fuel flow.
Section 27.959
Unusable fuel supply.
Section 27.961
Fuel system hot weather operation.
Section 27.963
Fuel tanks: general.
Section 27.965
Fuel tank tests.
Section 27.967
Fuel tank installation.
Section 27.969
Fuel tank expansion space.
Section 27.971
Fuel tank sump.
Section 27.973
Fuel tank filler connection.
Section 27.975
Fuel tank vents.
Section 27.977
Fuel tank outlet.
Section 27.991
Fuel pumps.
Section 27.993
Fuel system lines and fittings.
Section 27.995
Fuel valves.
Section 27.997
Fuel strainer or filter.
Section 27.999
Fuel system drains.
Section 27.1011
Engines: General.
Section 27.1013
Oil tanks.
Section 27.1015
Oil tank tests.
Section 27.1017
Oil lines and fittings.
Section 27.1019
Oil strainer or filter.
Section 27.1021
Oil system drains.
Section 27.1027
Transmissions and gearboxes: General.
Section 27.1041
General.
Section 27.1043
Cooling tests.
Section 27.1045
Cooling test procedures.
Section 27.1091
Air induction.
Section 27.1093
Induction system icing protection.
Section 27.1121
General.
Section 27.1123
Exhaust piping.
Section 27.1141
Powerplant controls: general.
Section 27.1143
Engine controls.
Section 27.1145
Ignition switches.
Section 27.1147
Mixture controls.
Section 27.1151
Rotor brake controls.
Section 27.1163
Powerplant accessories.
Section 27.1183
Lines, fittings, and components.
Section 27.1185
Flammable fluids.
Section 27.1187
Ventilation and drainage.
Section 27.1189
Shutoff means.
Section 27.1191
Firewalls.
Section 27.1193
Cowling and engine compartment covering.
Section 27.1194
Other surfaces.
Section 27.1195
Fire detector systems.
Section 27.1301
Function and installation.
Section 27.1303
Flight and navigation instruments.
Section 27.1305
Powerplant instruments.
Section 27.1307
Miscellaneous equipment.
Section 27.1309
Equipment, systems, and installations.
Section 27.1316
Electrical and electronic system lightning protection.
Section 27.1317
High-intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) Protection.
Section 27.1321
Arrangement and visibility.
Section 27.1322
Warning, caution, and advisory lights.
Section 27.1323
Airspeed indicating system.
Section 27.1325
Static pressure systems.
Section 27.1327
Magnetic direction indicator.
Section 27.1329
Automatic pilot and flight guidance system.
Section 27.1337
Powerplant instruments.
Section 27.1351
General.
Section 27.1353
Energy storage systems.
Section 27.1357
Circuit protective devices.
Section 27.1361
Master switch.
Section 27.1365
Electric cables.
Section 27.1367
Switches.
Section 27.1381
Instrument lights.
Section 27.1383
Landing lights.
Section 27.1385
Position light system installation.
Section 27.1387
Position light system dihedral angles.
Section 27.1389
Position light distribution and intensities.
Section 27.1391
Minimum intensities in the horizontal plane of forward and rear position lights.
Section 27.1393
Minimum intensities in any vertical plane of forward and rear position lights.
Section 27.1395
Maximum intensities in overlapping beams of forward and rear position lights.
Section 27.1397
Color specifications.
Section 27.1399
Riding light.
Section 27.1401
Anticollision light system.
Section 27.1411
General.
Section 27.1413
Safety belts.
Section 27.1415
Ditching equipment.
Section 27.1419
Ice protection.
Section 27.1435
Hydraulic systems.
Section 27.1457
Cockpit voice recorders.
Section 27.1459
Flight data recorders.
Section 27.1461
Equipment containing high energy rotors.
Section 27.1501
General.
Section 27.1503
Airspeed limitations: general.
Section 27.1505
Never-exceed speed.
Section 27.1509
Rotor speed.
Section 27.1519
Weight and center of gravity.
Section 27.1521
Powerplant limitations.
Section 27.1523
Minimum flight crew.
Section 27.1525
Kinds of operations.
Section 27.1527
Maximum operating altitude.
Section 27.1529
Instructions for Continued Airworthiness.
Section 27.1541
General.
Section 27.1543
Instrument markings: general.
Section 27.1545
Airspeed indicator.
Section 27.1547
Magnetic direction indicator.
Section 27.1549
Powerplant instruments.
Section 27.1551
Oil quantity indicator.
Section 27.1553
Fuel quantity indicator.
Section 27.1555
Control markings.
Section 27.1557
Miscellaneous markings and placards.
Section 27.1559
Limitations placard.
Section 27.1561
Safety equipment.
Section 27.1565
Tail rotor.
Section 27.1581
General.
Section 27.1583
Operating limitations.
Section 27.1585
Operating procedures.
Section 27.1587
Performance information.
Section 27.1589
Loading information.